An infant and child feeding index is associated with child nutritional status in rural China

Zhang, Jingxu; Shi, Ling; Wang, Jing; Wang, Yan

doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2008.10.009

Cited by 48 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…We did not observe a significant association between ICFI and LAZ after adjusting for confounders. This was also reported previously by studies conducted in rural West Africa [33] and China [11]. This finding, however, is in contrast to many other studies which showed significant associations of ICFI with LAZ [10,[12][13][14]34].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The numbers of components used to construct ICFI were also not uniform over different studies. For instance, we used five components whereas Sawadogo et al [14], Ntab et al [33] and Zhang et al [11] used six, seven and eight components to construct the feeding index, respectively. Ntab et al used an age group of 12-42 months for the analysis of the association between the ICFI and LAZ [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several evaluations have shown a positive association of such summary indices of child feeding practices with linear growth, i.e. height/length-for-age zscore (HAZ/LAZ) or stunting (HAZ/LAZ < −2) [10][11][12][13][14]. Conversely, the associations between child growth and individual components of the summary feeding index, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feeding practices and growth among young children during two seasons in rural Ethiopia

et al. 2017

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Background: The use of indices of infant and young child feeding practices to predict growth has generated inconsistent results, possibly through age and seasonal confounding. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of a dietary diversity score (DDS) and infant and child feeding index (ICFI) with growth among young children in a repeated cross-sectional and a follow-up study in two distinct seasons in rural southwest Ethiopia. Methods: We used a repeated cross-sectional design comparing child feeding practices to nutritional status in 6-12 month old children during harvest (HS; n = 320) and pre-harvest season (PHS; n = 312). In addition, 6-12 month old children from the HS were reassessed 6 months later during PHS. In addition to child anthropometry, child feeding practices were collected using 24-h and 7-day dietary recalls. Results: The mean (±SD) length-for-age z-score (LAZ) of the 6-12 month old children was −0.77 (±1.4) and −1.0 (±1.3) in HS and PHS, respectively, while the mean (±SD) of the follow-up children in PHS was −1.0 (±1.3). The median DDS (IQR) was 2.0 (1.0, 3.0.), 2.0 (2.0, 3.0) and 3.0 (2.0, 4.0) for the children in HS, PHS and the follow-up children in PHS, respectively. The DDS in HS was positively associated with LAZ at follow-up (β = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.30; P = 0.03) after controlling for confounding factors. ICFI and DDS were not associated with mean LAZ, weightfor-height z-score and weight-for-age z-score within season. However, the odds of being stunted when having a DDS ≤ 2 was 2.3 times (95% CI: 1.10, 4.78; P = 0.03) higher compared to a DDS > 2 child in HS and 1.7 times (95% CI: 1.04, 2.71; P = 0.04) higher for the pooled sample of 6-12 months old children in HS and PHS. Conclusions: The DDS was found to be an indicator for child stunting during the Ethiopian harvest season. The DDS can be an appropriate tool to evaluate the association of child feeding practices with child growth irrespective of season. Inclusion of other dimensions in the construction of ICFI should be considered in future analysis as we found no association with growth.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feeding practices and growth among young children during two seasons in rural Ethiopia

et al. 2017

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“…Household wealth was categorized using the ownership of electrical appliances: poor households had 0 to 2 appliances; medium-wealth households had 3; and the least poor households had 4 or more. [16][17][18] We also surveyed the indicators of infant and young child feeding listed in Table 1, 11,14 which include early initiation of breastfeeding (i.e. within 1 hour of birth), exclusive breastfeeding among children younger than 6 months, continued breastfeeding for 1 and 2 years after birth and age-appropriate breastfeeding, as defined in Appendix C. In addition, we surveyed the early introduction of complementary feeding, defined in Appendix C as giving any soft, semisolid or solid food to an infant before the age of 6 months, regardless of breastfeeding.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breastfeeding rates in central and western China in 2010: implications for child and population health

Guo¹,

Fu²,

Scherpbier³

et al. 2013

Bull. World Health Organ.

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“…26 On the other hand, in a study conducted in rural China, infant and child feeding index was shown to be associated with weight-for-length and weight-for-age z-scores, but not with height for age (Zhang et al). 30 This lack of association may be explained by the low prevalence of stunting 8% and sample size of 50 children aged 6-23 months. The findings of this analysis and previous research reinforce the notion that improved food variety may indeed reflect a greater likelihood of meeting daily energy and nutrient requirements, which would result in improved nutritional status among young children…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The study of dietary diversity score in children between 6 months to 23 months: a hospital based study

Divya

Rajanish

Malavika

et al. 2018

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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Background: Dietary diversity is a qualitative measure of food consumption that reflects household access to a variety of foods and is also a proxy for nutrient adequacy of diet of individual. Breast-feeding and complementary feeding practices are fundamental to children's survival and development. Feeding practices have an impact on physical growth, which is one of the best indicators of children's well-being. However, the relation between the quality of feeding practices during early age and nutritional status are difficult to establish, and, depending on the context and overall living conditions, the influence of feeding factors on children's nutritional status can vary considerably. This study helps us to assess the dietary diversity score by simple food count method which is a good indicator of adequate micronutrient intake. Methods: The study was a retrospective study conducted on babies between 6 months to 23 months of age presenting in Paediatric outpatient Department. Data was collected by 24-hour recall method for 3 days and an average. Results: 30% of subjects had weight for age below 2 SD and 8% had length for age below 2 SD. Dietary diversity Score of 1and 6 in 8%, 2 in 48%, 3 and 5 in 6%, 4 in 24% was noted. The average scoring was low among 6-9 and10-12 months and it increased between 13-23 months. With increase in age there was increase in dietary diversity score and vice versa. Conclusions: Limited diversity in complementary foods is a strong predictor of the nutritional status of children. Inclusion of a variety of food groups may be more essential to improve child's nutritional status.

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An infant and child feeding index is associated with child nutritional status in rural China

Cited by 48 publications

References 12 publications

Feeding practices and growth among young children during two seasons in rural Ethiopia

Feeding practices and growth among young children during two seasons in rural Ethiopia

Breastfeeding rates in central and western China in 2010: implications for child and population health

The study of dietary diversity score in children between 6 months to 23 months: a hospital based study

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