An Influenza Outbreak Due to a/Ussr/77-Like (H1n1) Virus Aboard a Us Navy Ship

Ksiazek, Thomas G.; Olson, James G.; Irving, G. S.; Settle, C. S.; White, Rupert; Petrusso, R.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113018

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…The shipboard outbreak of H1N1 spread rapidly during the first at‐sea period among an otherwise healthy, young adult military population during the first pandemic wave. Other investigations of naval vessel influenza outbreaks have documented illness among shipboard personnel while ashore, and subsequent transmission while at sea 9, 10…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiologic investigation of an outbreak of pandemic influenza A H1N1 2009 aboard a US Navy Vessel—San Diego, 2009

Khaokham

Selent

Loustalot

et al. 2013

Influenza Resp Viruses

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BackgroundDuring summer 2009, a US Navy ship experienced an influenza‐like illness outbreak with 126 laboratory‐confirmed cases of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus among the approximately 2000‐person crew.MethodsDuring September 24–October 9, 2009, a retrospective seroepidemiologic investigation was conducted to characterize the outbreak. We administered questionnaires, reviewed medical records, and collected post‐outbreak sera from systematically sampled crewmembers. We used real‐time reverse transcription‐PCR or microneutralization assays to detect evidence of H1N1 virus infection.ResultsRetrospective serologic data demonstrated that the overall H1N1 virus infection attack rate was 32%. Weighted H1N1 virus attack rates were higher among marines (37%), junior‐ranking personnel (34%), and persons aged 19–24 years (36%). In multivariable analysis, a higher risk of illness was found for women versus men (odds ratio [OR] = 2·2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1·1–4·4), marines versus navy personnel (OR = 1·7; 95% CI, 1·0–2·9), and those aged 19–24 versus ≥35 years (OR = 3·9; 95% CI, 1·2–12·8). Fifty‐three percent of infected persons did not recall respiratory illness symptoms. Among infected persons, only 35% met criteria for acute respiratory illness and 11% for influenza‐like illness.ConclusionsApproximately half of H1N1 infections were asymptomatic, and thus, the attack rate was higher than estimated by clinical illness alone. Enhanced infection control measures including pre‐embarkation illness screening, improved self‐reporting of illness, isolation of ill and quarantine of exposed contacts, and prompt antiviral chemoprophylaxis and treatment might be useful in controlling shipboard influenza outbreaks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiologic investigation of an outbreak of pandemic influenza A H1N1 2009 aboard a US Navy Vessel—San Diego, 2009

Khaokham

Selent

Loustalot

et al. 2013

Influenza Resp Viruses

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“…1979). Poor HI-antibody responses were also described after infection with the new influenza A (HINI)-strains (Ksiazek et al 1980;Layde et al 1980;Foy et al 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiological studies on the occurrence of common respiratory infections in paediatric student nurses and medical technology students

et al. 1987

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SUMMARYThe occupational risk of acquiring minor respiratory infections for paediatric student nurses was estimated by performing serological examinations with influenza A, B, C, parainfluenza, mumps, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae at 6-month intervals over a period of 4 years in paediatric student nurses at two schools of nursing and students at one school of medical technology. Titre increases against all tested agents occurred 1-86 times more often in the student nurses than in the medical technology students, the most frequent agents in both groups being influenza A and B. No difference in the relative distribution of the agents could be verified in the two occupational groups. Data on the protective value of pre-infectious antibody levels for influenza A, B, and coronavirus OC43 and on the importance of the spread of single agents among classmates are presented.

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“…Symptoms of infection usually appear several days after incubation, with fever being the most prominent indication. Other symptoms in adults include malaise, chills, headache, muscle pain, and respiratory complications such as nasal discharge and cough [13][14][15]. Vomiting is reported in about 10% of cases and diarrhea occurs less frequently.…”

Section: Clinical Symptoms Of Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Influenza Viruses: Past and Present

Kobasa¹,

Kawaoka²

2005

CMM

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Influenza is an example of a disease for which the viral pathogen has emerged into the human population many times over past centuries, sometimes with devastating consequences [1]. Historical records provide vivid descriptions of past influenza outbreaks, and the viruses that caused the pandemics of the last century remain subjects of great interest. It is almost certain that a new pandemic, caused by the zoonotic transmission of a new influenza virus into humans, will occur. The recent outbreaks of the highly pathogenic H5 and H7 subtype viruses in poultry and their limited transmission into humans, as well as transmission of H9 subtype viruses, have raised concerns that conditions are developing for the generation of a new pandemic virus. In this paper, we review past pandemics, viral determinants of cross-species transmission of viruses, molecular factors that contribute to disease, and preventative measures to reduce the impact of a future pandemic.

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An Influenza Outbreak Due to a/Ussr/77-Like (H1n1) Virus Aboard a Us Navy Ship

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Seroepidemiologic investigation of an outbreak of pandemic influenza A H1N1 2009 aboard a US Navy Vessel—San Diego, 2009

Seroepidemiologic investigation of an outbreak of pandemic influenza A H1N1 2009 aboard a US Navy Vessel—San Diego, 2009

Seroepidemiological studies on the occurrence of common respiratory infections in paediatric student nurses and medical technology students

Emerging Influenza Viruses: Past and Present

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