An infra-red spectroscopic study of molecular orientation and conformational changes in poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Cunningham, A.; Ward, I. M.; Willis, H.A.; Zichy, V.

doi:10.1016/0032-3861(74)90028-7

Cited by 193 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This can be attributed to the slippage in the network required by a transition from affine to pseudo-affine deformation. A value for N 1 of about 5.466 for sample drawn at draw ratio of 4.680 is in reasonable agreement with previous reported value for a rubber like network (affine deformation) 30 . This suggests that beyond the draw ratio of 4.680, the PET fiber deforms pseudo-affinely.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

The effect of hot multistage drawing on molecular structure and optical properties of polyethylene terephthalate fibers

Haji

Rahbar²,

Kalantari

2012

Mat. Res.

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In this work, mechanical and structural parameters related to the optical properties of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers drawn at hot multistage have been investigated. The changes in optical parameters upon changing draw ratio are used to obtain the mechanical orientation factors

and

, various orientation functions f 2 (θ), f 4 (θ) and f 6 (θ), and amorphous and crystalline orientation functions (f a and f c ). Also, the numbers of random links between the network junction points (N 1 ), the average optical orientation (F av ), and the distribution function of segment ω(cos θ) were calculated. In addition, an empirical formula was suggested to correlate changes in the birefringence with the draw ratio and its constants were determined. The study demonstrated change on the molecular orientation functions and structural parameters upon hot multistage drawing. Significant variations in the characteristic properties of the drawn PET fibers were due to reorientation of the molecules caused by applied heat and external tension.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

The effect of hot multistage drawing on molecular structure and optical properties of polyethylene terephthalate fibers

Haji

Rahbar²,

Kalantari

2012

Mat. Res.

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and

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“…The corresponding values of f c may now be determined by evaluating expression (10). It is found that the values of fc for the aromatic and aliphatic ester residues are 0.33 and 0.67, respectively, which are in excellent agreement with the values of ( f c )~,~ determined previously.…”

Section: Conformation Analysis Of Polyestersupporting

confidence: 79%

Bimodal character of polyester–solvent interactions. II. Evaluation of the chemical structures of the aromatic and aliphatic ester residues of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Knox¹

1977

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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SynopsisThe chemical structures of the aromatic (A) and the aliphatic ester (B) residues of poly(ethy1ene terephthalate), PET, are evaluated from a comparison of their Hansen solubility parameters, as determined experimentally, and with those calculated for the various residues of PET. From such a comparison it is proposed that the structures of residues A and B are best represented by "hybrid" structures which may be taken as linear combinations of two or more structures rather than by single chemical structures. That is, the 1,4-carbonyl group which separates the benzene ring of the aromatic residue and the ethylene group of the aliphatic ester residue effectively acts as a common plane between the two residues and is "shared" by the benzene ring and the ethylene glycol group. It is proposed that the extent to which the 1,4-carbonyl group is "shared" by residues A and B is 0.33 and 0.67, respectively, which is consistent with the most probable molecular conformation of the 1,4-benzenoid residue of PET as calculated from the data of TonelliZ3 and Daunbeny et aLZ1 and which gives support to the view that the bond connecting the benzene ring and the carbonyl group is not rigid, but free to rotate as proposed earlier by FloryZ7 and by T~n e l l i .~~

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“…The gauche glycol and cis-terephthalate (disordered terephthalate units) coformations lead to an amorphous structure. In most cases though, the two structures seem to coexist within the amorphous part of a PET sample; a completely disordered amorphous structure and an "intermediate" amorphous structure [35]. Thus, PET is better described by a three phase model comprising: (a) crystalline phase constituted exclusively of the trans conformation, (b) an "intermediate" phase consisting of the trans conformation that does not belong to the crystalline phase and some gauche conformation, and (c) a third completely disordered phase which contains mainly the gauche conformation.…”

Section: Pristine Nanodiamond and Graphene Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For PET, there are several infrared bands that can be linked to the polymer structure and orientation [35][36]. These bands can be used to differentiate the trans-and gauche-rotational isomers of PET, which can further be correlated to polymer crystallinity.…”

Section: Pristine Nanodiamond and Graphene Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Orientation-specific data can also be extracted from different chemical moieties within the polymer chain. The 874 cm -1 band, attributed to the C-H out-of-plane deformation of the benzene ring in the terephthalate group, is also sensitive to molecular orientation [35]. Thus, by using FTIR it is possible to identify bands characteristic of the amorphous and crystalline phase.…”

Section: Pristine Nanodiamond and Graphene Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proton-radiation resistance of poly(ethylene terephthalate)–nanodiamond–graphene nanoplatelet nanocomposites

et al. 2015

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An infra-red spectroscopic study of molecular orientation and conformational changes in poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Cited by 193 publications

References 16 publications

The effect of hot multistage drawing on molecular structure and optical properties of polyethylene terephthalate fibers

The effect of hot multistage drawing on molecular structure and optical properties of polyethylene terephthalate fibers

Bimodal character of polyester–solvent interactions. II. Evaluation of the chemical structures of the aromatic and aliphatic ester residues of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Proton-radiation resistance of poly(ethylene terephthalate)–nanodiamond–graphene nanoplatelet nanocomposites

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