An initial evaluation framework for the design and operational use of maritime STAMP-based safety management systems

Abstract

A safety management system (SMS) is the common means used by organizations to assess organizational performance with respect to the safety and wellbeing of people, property and the natural ecosystem. A SMS provides confidence to diverse stakeholders that organizational safety is at an appropriate level and fulfils the applicable regulatory standards. As a multifaceted system for organizational safety assessment, ensurance and assurance, the evaluation of the design and operational use of SMS is a complex process. An evaluation needs to provide evidence about how well the design and operation of an SMS complies with applicable standards and how well the methods used in the SMS implementation support the organizational policies and practical work. In the maritime domain, SMS is broadly applied. However, there are few theoretically rooted SMS design approaches, and there is a lack of frameworks to evaluate how well the SMS is designed and how effectively it operates. This paper proposes an initial evaluation framework for the design and operational use of a maritime SMS design approach based on Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes (STAMP), realist evaluation and Bayesian Networks. This framework is applied for a case study of vessel traffic services (VTS) Finland to test its relevance and ability to guide the SMS design. The experiences gained in the case study, and the related discussion on the framework, can guide further research in this area. Ultimately, the work can be used as a basis for developing maritime SMS auditing processes, based on specific theoretical and methodological approaches.

Systems Thinking Accident Analysis Models: A Systematic Review for Sustainable Safety Management

“…In this regard, Rong et al used SD modeling in conjunction with STAMP to demonstrate the dynamic processes which lead to the system changes and to generate safety control structures with STAMP [86]. Banda et al also applied the STAMP and BN for the operational use and design of the safety management system [110]. FRAM was also used along with DBN in another study to quantitatively assess and model the system resilience that helps systems to better adjust to unwanted events and restore from major losses.…”

“…• Developed maritime SMS auditing processes. Finland [110] Application of systemic methods for the analysis of coal mines accidents.…”

Application of a Soam-Based Systemic Method to Conduct a Comprehensive Analysis of a Maritime Accident

“…For instance, in the aviation domain, STAMP was applied to represent an aircraft rapid decompression event (Allison, Revell et al 2017); in small drone operations (Chatzimichailidou, Karanikas et al 2017); and in the safety analysis regarding unmanned protective vehicles (Bagschik, Stolte et al 2017). In addition, STAMP has also been applied extensively to various domains of the maritime sector, for example, to design maritime safety management systems (Aps, Fetissov et al 2015, Aps, Fetissov et al 2016, Banda and Goerlandt 2018, Banda, Goerlandt et al 2019, to increase port security (Williams 2015), and to analyse maritime accidents (Kim, Nazir et al 2016, Goncalves Filho, Jun et al 2019.…”

Identification of the Most Critical Health and Safety Hazard in the Lakhra Coal Field

“…The evaluation of unsafe acts or unsafe behaviors or the lack of awareness would help us to make a proactive strategy for the LUCMs. The emergency preparedness of mine rescue team and self-escape response of mine workers, as suggested by various authors [6][7]; since both require a proactive strategy to be framed for the LUCMS. The LUCMs are recognized to be unsafe for the mine workers due to the occurrence of frequent accidents caused by roof fall, side fall, accumulation of poisonous gases and coal handling operations.…”