An Insight from Rock Bolts and Potential Factors Influencing Their Durability and the Long-Term Stability of Deep Rock Tunnels

Frenelus, Wadslin; Peng, Hui; Zhang, Jingyu

doi:10.3390/su141710943

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 168 publications

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“…The supports must be able to generate and maintain reasonable values of the tangential stress around the tunnel for as long as possible, since the longevity of the supports is of particular importance. In fact, it should be noted that the longevity of deep-buried tunnel support structures can be diminished not only by water seepage, but also by other relevant factors such as rock creep [58].…”

Section: Variation Of Tangential Stress In Surrounding Rocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seepage Actions and Their Consequences on the Support Scheme of Deep-Buried Tunnels Constructed in Soft Rock Strata

Frenelus,

Peng,

Zhang

2024

Infrastructures

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The stability of deep soft rock tunnels under seepage conditions is of particular concern. Aiming at thoroughly discussing seepage actions and their consequences on the support schemes of such structures, the host rocks of the Weilai Tunnel situated in the Guangxi province of China are used as the research subject. Emphasis is placed on adequately examining the seepage conditions, stresses, displacements and plastic zone radii along the surrounding rocks of such tunnels, taking into consideration the Mogi–Coulomb strength criterion and the elastic-plastic theory. Explicitly, this article proposes analytical solutions for stresses, displacements and plastic radii around deep tunnels in soft rocks under seepage conditions by considering the aforesaid criterion and nonlinear elastoplastic approaches. Subsequently, based on the strain-softening model, the coupled actions of seepage and softening on the rocks surrounding the tunnel are studied. In order to investigate the effects of relevant influencing factors on tunnel stability, parametric studies are thoroughly examined. According to the results, it is revealed that the support scheme of deep soft rock tunnels must be of the highest resistance possible to better decrease the plastic zone and the tangential stress along the host rocks. Moreover, throughout the surrounding rocks, the dissemination of pore water pressure is strongly affected by the uneven permeability coefficient under anisotropic seepage states. The combined effects of softening and seepage are very dangerous for the surrounding rocks of deep-buried tunnels. It is also shown that the seepage pressure substantially affects the plastic radii and tunnel displacements. Under high seepage pressure, the surface displacements of the tunnel are excessive, easily exceeding 400 mm. To better guarantee the reasonable longevity of such tunnels, the long-term monitoring of their support structures with reliable remote sensors is strongly recommended.

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Section: Variation Of Tangential Stress In Surrounding Rocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seepage Actions and Their Consequences on the Support Scheme of Deep-Buried Tunnels Constructed in Soft Rock Strata

Frenelus,

Peng,

Zhang

2024

Infrastructures

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“…Cement or resin grouting is habitually employed to install rock bolts [54,55,56], because the stability of the surrounding rocks largely depends on the durable performance of rock bolts in deep tunnels. Rock bolts are vital components of the tunnel structures and therefore should be sustainable [57]. Nevertheless, at great depth, various nocuous conditions generally affect the integrity and long-term performance of rock bolts.…”

Section: Excavation Damaged Zones (Edz) Rock Bolts and Cable Bolts: T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Long-Term Monitoring of the Structural Health of Deep Rock Tunnels with Remote Sensing Techniques

Frenelus,

Peng

2023

Frattura Ed Integrità Strutturale

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Due to the substantial need to continuously ensure safe excavations and sustainable operation of deep engineering structures, structural health monitoring based on remote sensing techniques has become a prominent research topic in this field. Indeed, throughout their lifetime, deep tunnels are usually exposed to many complex situations which inevitably affect their structural health. Therefore, appropriate and effective monitoring systems are required to provide real-time information that can be used as a true basis for efficient and timely decision-making. Since sensors are at the heart of any monitoring system, their selection and conception for deep rock tunnels necessitates special attention. This work identifies and describes relevant structural health problems of deep rock tunnels and the applicability of sensors employed in monitoring systems, based on in-depth searches performed on pertinent research. The outcomes and challenges of monitoring are discussed as well. Results show that over time, deep rock tunnels suffer several typical structural diseases namely degradation of the excavation damaged areas, corrosion of rock bolts and cable bolts, cracks, fractures and strains in secondary lining, groundwater leaks in secondary lining, convergence deformation and damage provoked by the triggering of fires. Various types of remote sensors are deployed to monitor such diseases. For deep rock tunnels, it is suggested to adopt comprehensive monitoring systems with adaptive and robust sensors for their reliable and long-lasting performance.

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“…Peran penting jumbo drill sangat dibutuhkan untuk keberlangsungan penambangan bawah tanah karena berfungsi untuk memasang ground support dan lubang untuk bahan peledak, jumbo drill didukung oleh sistem hidrolik yang mempuni dan canggih agar tangguh dan kuat pada saat digunakan (Bhirawa, 2021). jumbo drill memiliki dua boom yaitu boom kanan dan kiri yang digerakan menggunakan full sistem hidrolik dengan motor penggerak berdaya 1000 Volt pada setiap boom (Frenelus et al, 2022).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Sistem Hidrolok Alat Jumbo Drill Underground di PT. Nusa Halmahera Minerals

Samsudin

Tanujaya

Darmawan

2023

SLJIL

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Borjumboadalahalatyangdigunakan untuk pengeboranditambangbawahtanah untuk memasangrockbolt, hollowbar,bautkabeldanuntuklubangpeledakan.Sistemhidrolikadalahsistempenerusandayadenganmenggunakancairancair.Hidrolik memiliki peranpentingdalamduniaindustri karena memiliki banyakmanfaatuntukmemudahkanpekerjaan berat, sistem hidrolikseringdigunakanpadaalatberatkarenamemilikikekuatan yang kuatdengansistemyangsederhana.Komponen hidrolik meliputireservoirhidrolik, cairan hidrolik, pompahidrolik, selang,dankatup.Pompa yang digunakan padaalat bor jumbo adalah pompa perpindahanvariabel yang memilikiruangpompa dengan volumebervariasi, Pengamatan pengumpulan data dilakukan di PT. NusaHalmaheraMineral yang berlokasidiMalukuUtara,pengumpulandatadilakukan di bagianpemeliharaan bawah tanah dengan benda-bendaperalatanborjumboyangdigunakanuntukberoperasiditambangbawahtanahkencana.Diagramhidrolikmenunjukkanbagaimanafluidamengalirdijalurnyamulaidarireservoir, filter, katup, pilotkontrol,hinggagayayangdihasilkan.Dayamotor rata-ratayangdibutuhkandalampenelitianiniadalah15,24kw.

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An Insight from Rock Bolts and Potential Factors Influencing Their Durability and the Long-Term Stability of Deep Rock Tunnels

Cited by 9 publications

References 168 publications

Seepage Actions and Their Consequences on the Support Scheme of Deep-Buried Tunnels Constructed in Soft Rock Strata

Seepage Actions and Their Consequences on the Support Scheme of Deep-Buried Tunnels Constructed in Soft Rock Strata

Towards Long-Term Monitoring of the Structural Health of Deep Rock Tunnels with Remote Sensing Techniques

Sistem Hidrolok Alat Jumbo Drill Underground di PT. Nusa Halmahera Minerals

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