An Insight Into Neurophysiology of Pulpal Pain: Facts and Hypotheses

Abstract

Pain and pain control are important to the dental profession because the general perception of the public is that dental treatment and pain go hand in hand. Successful dental treatment requires that the source of pain be detected. If the origin of pain is not found, inappropriate dental care and, ultimately, extraction may result. Pain experienced before, during, or after endodontic therapy is a serious concern to both patients and endodontists, and the variability of discomfort presents a challenge in terms of diagnostic methods, endodontic therapy, and endodontic knowledge. This review will help clinicians understand the basic neurophysiology of pulpal pain and other painful conditions of the dental pulp that are not well understood.

Anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Schisandrin C promote mitochondrial biogenesis in human dental pulp cells

“…Irritation of the dental pulp by bacterial stimuli initiates inflammatory processes and proinflammatory cytokine production. If such irritation lasts for a long time, the tissue will be injured because its healing capacity is overwhelmed (Jain & Gupta ). LPS is one of the bacterial components that cause pulpitis by which matrix metalloproteinase‐2 and ‐9 (MMP‐2/9), intracellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1), vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1) and many cytokines are stimulated (Kim et al .…”

Relationship between post-extraction pain and acute pulpitis: a randomised trial using third molars

“…Substance P plays an important role in the neurogenic inflammation of dental pulp and it induces the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Lymphocytes, granulocytes and macrophages have receptors for substance P, and these cells can be stimulated to produce cytokines. In addition, acute pulpal inflammation could evoke a selective alteration in the level of neuropeptides because of alterations in transport or synthesis of neuropeptides in the trigeminal ganglion.…”

Postnatal periodontal ligament as a novel adult stem cell source for regenerative corneal cell therapy

“…Besides DPSCs, the loose dental pulp tissue contains nerve and blood vessels. Tooth extraction induces lesions to the pulp nerve and endings, which cause the release of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL‐1 and TNFα, and this would impact on DPSCs’ physiological status, such as survival and multipotency 24, 25…”

“…Tooth extraction induces lesions to the pulp nerve and endings, which cause the release of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1 and TNFa, and this would impact on DPSCs' physiological status, such as survival and multipotency. 24,25 A recent study has illustrated that DPSCs could differentiate into CSK-like cells expressing keratocan (KERA), a unique marker for CSKs, and KSPGs. 26 DPSC-derived CSKs, when transplanted to mouse stroma, deposited stromal ECM and maintained the corneal clarity.…”