“…Scheduling is greatly significant to the airline industry because of its direct impact on the cost and service level. Accordingly, numerous optimization methods have been developed [1][2][3] to generate high-quality schedules, which can efficiently utilize costly resources (aircraft, crews, passengers, etc.). However, over the course of nominal airline operations, disruptions, such as severe weather conditions, unplanned maintenance, and air space control, frequently make airlines suffer from significant loss.…”