An integrated approach for identifying aquifers in transcurrent fault systems: The Najd shear system of the Arabian Nubian shield

Sultan, M.; Wagdy, Ahmad; Manocha, N.; Sauck, William A.; Gelil, K. Abdel; Youssef, A.; Becker, R. H.; Milewski, A.; Alfy, Z. El; Jones, Charles

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.11.029

Cited by 56 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…1 and Table 2). The isotopic data are also used to support our earlier fi ndings from VLF investigations, which indicated that extensional faults could have acted as conduits for groundwater ascending from subsided blocks (Sultan et al, 2008b). The observed similarities in isotopic compositions of ground water from subsided blocks and springs from the same area are consistent with this suggestion.…”

Section: Hydrogen and Oxygen Stable Isotope Datasupporting

confidence: 66%

Red Sea rifting controls on aquifer distribution: Constraints from geochemical, geophysical, and remote sensing data

Sultan

Ahmed

Metwally

et al. 2011

Geological Society of America Bulletin

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Section: Hydrogen and Oxygen Stable Isotope Datasupporting

confidence: 66%

Red Sea rifting controls on aquifer distribution: Constraints from geochemical, geophysical, and remote sensing data

Sultan

Ahmed

Metwally

et al. 2011

Geological Society of America Bulletin

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“…The dense networks of valleys collect precipitation over extensive areas and channel it downstream through the main valleys causing flash floods. It has been demonstrated that in areas with similar geologic, hydrologic, and climatic settings in the Eastern Desert of Egypt, precipitation over the basement complex highlands is channeled downstream as surface runoff in valley networks and as groundwater flow in the alluvial sediments underlying these valleys, in fractured basement, and in down-dropped sedimentary units within the basement complex (Sultan et al 2007(Sultan et al , 2008(Sultan et al , 2011Amer et al 2013). We envision a similar conceptual model for the Feiran watershed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1a). Favorable settings for hosting and channeling groundwater within the basement complex include areas of enhanced porosity where faults, fractures, and/or shear zones (meters to tens of meters wide) intersect (Goddard and Evans 1995;Blenkinsop and Kadzviti 2006;Sultan et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Controls on Groundwater Flow in Basement Terrains: Geophysical, Remote Sensing, and Field Investigations in Sinai

et al. 2015

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An integrated [very low frequency (VLF) electromagnetic, magnetic, remote sensing, field, and geographic information system (GIS)] study was conducted over the basement complex in southern Sinai (Feiran watershed) for a better understanding of the structural controls on the groundwater flow. The increase in satellite-based radar backscattering values following a large precipitation event (34 mm on 17-18 January 2010) was used to identify water-bearing features, here interpreted as preferred pathways for surface water infiltration. Findings include: (1) spatial analysis in a GIS environment revealed that the distribution of the water-bearing features (conductive features) corresponds to that of fractures, faults, shear zones, dike swarms, and wadi networks; (2) using VLF (43 profiles), magnetic (7 profiles) techniques, and field observations, the majority (85 %) of the investigated conductive features were determined to be preferred pathways for groundwater flow; (3) northwest-southeast-to north-south-trending conductive features that intersect the groundwater flow (southeast to northwest) at low angles capture groundwater flow, whereas northeast-southwest to east-west features that intersect the flow at high angles impound groundwater upstream and could provide potential productive well locations; and (4) similar findings are observed in central Sinai: east-west-trending dextral shear zones (Themed and Sinai Hinge Belt) impede south to north groundwater flow as evidenced by the significant drop in hydraulic head (from 467 to 248 m above mean sea level) across shear zones and by reorientation of regional flow (south-north to

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“…Despite an abundance of studies having mapped dykes occurrence in aquifers using methods such as field observations, remote sensing techniques or geophysical investigations [e.g., Sultan et al ., ; Dickson et al ., ], to our knowledge few studies have provided estimates of hydraulic properties of dykes, such as hydraulic conductivity and storativity. Moreover, their properties with respect to solute transport in groundwater such as saltwater intrusion are poorly documented despite their importance in many coastal settings, particularly volcanic islands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of volcanic dykes on coastal groundwater flow and saltwater intrusion: A field‐scale multiphysics approach and parameter evaluation

Comte

Wilson

Ofterdinger

et al. 2017

Water Resources Research

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Volcanic dykes are common discrete heterogeneities in aquifers; however, there is a lack of field examples of, and methodologies for, comprehensive in situ characterization of their properties with respect to groundwater flow and solute transport. We have applied an integrated multiphysics approach to quantify the effect of dolerite dykes on saltwater intrusion in a coastal sandstone aquifer. The approach involved ground geophysical imaging (passive magnetics and electrical resistivity tomography), well hydraulic testing, and tidal propagation analysis, which provided constraints on the geometry of the dyke network, the subsurface saltwater distribution, and the sandstone hydrodynamic properties and connectivity. A three‐dimensional variable‐density groundwater model coupled with a resistivity model was further calibrated using groundwater and geophysical observations. A good agreement of model simulations with tide‐induced head fluctuations, geophysically derived pore water salinities, and measured apparent resistivities was obtained when dykes' hydraulic conductivity, storativity, and effective porosity are respectively about 3, 1, and 1 orders of magnitude lower than the host aquifer. The presence of the dykes results in barrier‐like alterations of groundwater flow and saltwater intrusion. Preferential flow paths occur parallel to observed dyke orientations. Freshwater inflows from upland recharge areas concentrate on the land‐facing side of the dykes and saltwater penetration is higher on their sea‐facing side. This has major implications for managing groundwater resources in dyke‐intruded aquifers, including in coastal and island regions and provides wider insights on preferential pathways of groundwater flow and transport in highly heterogeneous aquifer systems.

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An integrated approach for identifying aquifers in transcurrent fault systems: The Najd shear system of the Arabian Nubian shield

Cited by 56 publications

References 32 publications

Red Sea rifting controls on aquifer distribution: Constraints from geochemical, geophysical, and remote sensing data

Red Sea rifting controls on aquifer distribution: Constraints from geochemical, geophysical, and remote sensing data

Structural Controls on Groundwater Flow in Basement Terrains: Geophysical, Remote Sensing, and Field Investigations in Sinai

Effect of volcanic dykes on coastal groundwater flow and saltwater intrusion: A field‐scale multiphysics approach and parameter evaluation

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