An integrated approach for monitoring structural deformation of aquaculture net cages

Su, Bitao; Kelasidi, Eleni; Frank, Kevin; Haugen, Joakim; Føre, Martin; Pedersen, Magnus Oshaug

doi:10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.108424

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Because the semi-closed systems are relatively new production technologies, the scientific peer-reviewed papers documenting their environmental functionality and biological performance are scarce. Most of the available literature describes and documents the engineering aspects, particularly the hydrodynamic properties and construction (Gorle et al, 2018;Klebert et al, 2018;Kristiansen et al, 2018;Chu et al, 2020;Su et al, 2021). Further, there are only a handful of publications on production capacity (Nilsen et al, 2017) and health, welfare, and performance (Rud et al, 2017;Balseiro et al, 2018;Nilsen et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health and Welfare of Atlantic Salmon in FishGLOBE V5 – a Novel Closed Containment System at Sea

et al. 2022

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Closed-containment (CCS) systems offer several advantages in controlling the production environment for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) aquaculture, especially at sea, where fish are more exposed to challenging environmental conditions. Here, we report the health and welfare of Atlantic salmon in FishGLOBE V5, a 3500 m3 semi-closed containment system. A group of 200,000 post-smolts was followed from a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) facility, then for three and a half months in FishGLOBE V5, and three months after release in net pens. Fish samples were collected at four time points during the production period, while water quality was evaluated when the fish were in FishGLOBE V5. The water quality in FishGLOBE V5 was within the recommended range for salmon post-smolts. The mortality rate was 1.4% in FishGLOBE V5 and 4.9% in net pens. There was an increase in the prevalence of eye, snout and dorsal fin damages before the fish left the FishGLOBE V5 phase. The plasma level of magnesium was slightly elevated during this phase as well, indicating osmotic imbalance and stress. Histological evaluation of skin and gills showed sporadic cases of non-specific pathologies. In particular, the transitory stay in FishGLOBE V5 partially improved skin health, but not gill health. Gene expression profiling of some biomarkers showed that rearing fish in FishGLOBE V5 could influence the expression of genes involved in stress response, mucus production, and epithelial integrity. This study documented that rearing salmon for a certain period in FishGLOBE V5 during production affected different health and welfare indicators. These changes should be taken into consideration for the improvement of FishGLOBE V5 as a viable technology for post-smolt production at sea.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health and Welfare of Atlantic Salmon in FishGLOBE V5 – a Novel Closed Containment System at Sea

et al. 2022

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“…The opposing numerical approach was used to analyze the hydrodynamic performances of net panels and aquaculture cages in current and waves. These include the finite element method (Tsukrov et al, 2000;Tsukrov et al, 2003;Tsukrov et al, 2005;Fredriksson et al, 2007;Fredriksson et al, 2014;Cheng et al, 2021;Su et al, 2021), the computational fluid dynamics method (Patursson et al, 2010;Zhao et al, 2013a;Zhao et al, 2013b;Chen and Christensen, 2016;Bi et al, 2018) and the coupled fluid-structure interactions (FSI) method (Bi et al, 2014a;Chen and Christensen, 2017;Martin et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical studies on wake and turbulence characteristics of aquaculture nets

Qin

2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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This paper aims to understand the drag coefficient discrepancy between the equivalent-twine and twisted-twine nets based on their wake and turbulence characteristics. To that end, we conduct unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) and the second-moment (Reynolds stress, RSM) simulations at a Reynolds number, Re=4.5×103, based on the effective diameter of the net twine, which corresponds to the subcritical flow regime. Then, the vortex structures and the turbulence statistics are assessed at AOA=90°. The results highlight that the wake interactions for the twisted-twine net are relatively strong compared to the equivalent-twine net, due to the disturbance of the helixes on the twisted twines. In comparison to the classical Karman vortex, the overall vortex shedding of these two nets is well organized. Symmetric vortices form behind the equivalent-twine net, while single vortices form behind the twisted-twine net. Moreover, the Reynolds normal and shear stresses show symmetric and anti-symmetric profiles. The addition of helixes to smooth circular cylinders changes the flow development, leading to a decrease of turbulence kinetic energy. With this understanding, engineers need to be carefully select the net type for preliminary design of marine aquaculture cages to avoid over- or underestimation of the drag forces.

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“…A good understanding of sea cage deformation is of great importance, as significant volume reduction of fish cages can increase stress levels of the stocked fish and adversely affect their growth and health Turnbull et al (2005), and regulations usually impose a maximum stocking density. In addition, a good prediction of cage shape is indispensable for the development of modern aquaculture techniques, as it facilitates the use of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) for cage inspection through clarifying relative position Su et al (2021). More efficient fish pellet delivery control can be achieved by considering deformed cage shapes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated Approach to Modelling Fish Cage Response in the Flow

Gao¹,

Gansel²,

Li³

et al. 2021

MIC

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Noticeable progress has been made in recent years regarding sensor-based monitoring and model-based simulation of sea cage response. The discrepancy between measured data and simulation results can cause confusion about the actual deformation of fish cages. This study aims to explore an approach of integrating measured depth data with a deterministic cage model for sea cage response prediction in dynamic analysis software Orcaflex, emphasizing on cage deformation estimation. A Morison-type cage model is divided into several net panels, regulators based on PID theory are developed and incorporated into the cage model to regulate the hydrodynamic properties of cage net panels based on measured depth. Through a case study based on published model tests, it is shown that the model incorporating measured depth can significantly improve the predictions of cage deformation compared with deterministic models. The resultant drag forces from the integrated models are also with reasonably good accuracy.

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An integrated approach for monitoring structural deformation of aquaculture net cages

Cited by 31 publications

References 32 publications

Health and Welfare of Atlantic Salmon in FishGLOBE V5 – a Novel Closed Containment System at Sea

Health and Welfare of Atlantic Salmon in FishGLOBE V5 – a Novel Closed Containment System at Sea

Numerical studies on wake and turbulence characteristics of aquaculture nets

An Integrated Approach to Modelling Fish Cage Response in the Flow

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