An Integrated Approach to Convert Lignocellulosic and Wool Residues into Balanced Fertilisers

Marchelli, Filippo; Rovero, Giorgio; Curti, Massimo; Arato, Elisabetta; Bosio, Bárbara; Moliner, Cristina

doi:10.3390/en14020497

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Good results in soil fertilization are obtained by mixing biochar obtained by the pyrolysis of lignocellulosic residues (carbon source) and hydrolyzed wool (nitrogen source). This combination gives a C/N ratio corresponding to those of efficient fertilizers [270].…”

Section:  Soil Improvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-Friendly Processing of Wool and Sustainable Valorization of This Natural Bioresource

Popescu,

Stanescu

2024

Sustainability

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The environmental invasion of plastic waste leads to, among other things, a reassessment of natural fibers. Environmental pollution has shown the importance of the degradability, among other properties, of the raw materials used by the textile industry or other industrial fields. Wool seems to be a better raw material than the polymers that generate large quantities of micro- and nano-plastics, polluting the soil, water, and air. However, the usual processing of raw wool involves a number of chemically very polluting treatments. Thus, sustainable procedures for making wool processing environmentally friendly have been considered, leading to the reappraisal of wool as a suitable raw material. Besides their applications for textile products (including smart textiles), new directions for the valorization of this natural material have been developed. According to the recent literature, wool may be successfully used as a thermal and phonic insulator, fertilizer, or component for industrial devices, or in medical applications, etc. In addition, the wool protein α-keratin may be extracted and used for new biomaterials with many practical applications in various fields. This review makes a survey of the recent data in the literature concerning wool production, processing, and applications, emphasizing the environmental aspects and pointing to solutions generating sustainable development.

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Section:  Soil Improvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-Friendly Processing of Wool and Sustainable Valorization of This Natural Bioresource

Popescu,

Stanescu

2024

Sustainability

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“…Wool hydrolyzed by super-heated water was proposed to be used together with biochar produced from lignocellulose-rich agro-industrial side streams to enhance soil fertility [ 175 ]. Hydrolyzation by super-heated water should be effective also for KRMF residues, by-products of softer extraction methods (such as enzymatic or oxidative methods).…”

Section: Perspectives On Utilization Of Extracted Keratin-rich Fibrous Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Closing the Loop with Keratin-Rich Fibrous Materials

et al. 2021

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One of the agro-industry’s side streams that is widely met is the-keratin rich fibrous material that is becoming a waste product without valorization. Its management as a waste is costly, as the incineration of this type of waste constitutes high environmental concern. Considering these facts, the keratin-rich waste can be considered as a treasure for the producers interested in the valorization of such slowly-biodegradable by-products. As keratin is a protein that needs harsh conditions for its degradation, and that in most of the cases its constitutive amino acids are destroyed, we review new extraction methods that are eco-friendly and cost-effective. The chemical and enzymatic extractions of keratin are compared and the optimization of the extraction conditions at the lab scale is considered. In this study, there are also considered the potential applications of the extracted keratin as well as the reuse of the by-products obtained during the extraction processes.

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“…Researchers have proven the suitability of several technologies and approaches to valorise the by-products. Furthermore, different technologies can also be combined to achieve the desired results [41][42][43]. More details on this aspect can be found in our previous work [11].…”

Section: Technology Development and Economic Indicators (Lcoe)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status of Energy Production from Solid Biomass in Southern Italy

2021

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This work analyses and discusses data on thermochemical plants in Southern Italy that are fed with solid biomass. The analysis takes into account the biomass availability and potential together with the cost-benefit analysis using technology development and economic indicators (LCOE). A total of 63,762 units have been categorised according to the employed technology and produced energy: power plants for electricity production or cogeneration plants for combined heat and electricity production (53 plants) and thermal units for heat production (63,709 units). The eight regions of the area have noteworthy differences. In terms of electricity generated from solid biomass Calabria is by far the largest producer, followed by Apulia. Sicily, Sardinia and Molise provide lower amounts while Abruzzo, Basilicata and Campania generate almost negligible amounts. Regarding thermal production, Campania and Calabria are the largest producers, but Basilicata, Molise and Abruzzo generate the highest amount per capita. The area is far from fully exploiting its biomass potential, and there are also no district heating grids. Bioenergy can be remarkably competitive, provided that capital costs are relatively low and low-cost biomass is available, as it is the case of Italy. New applications and markets for sub-products (i.e., char, ash) would help in lowering the still not competitive economic indicators (LCOE).

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An Integrated Approach to Convert Lignocellulosic and Wool Residues into Balanced Fertilisers

Cited by 13 publications

References 99 publications

Eco-Friendly Processing of Wool and Sustainable Valorization of This Natural Bioresource

Eco-Friendly Processing of Wool and Sustainable Valorization of This Natural Bioresource

Closing the Loop with Keratin-Rich Fibrous Materials

Current Status of Energy Production from Solid Biomass in Southern Italy

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