An Integrated Approach to the Control of Clubroot in Vegetable Brassica Crops

Donald, EC; Porter, IJ; Faggian, Robert; Lancaster, R. A.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2006.706.33

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…The resting spores germinate to produce motile zoospores that infect new hosts. The spread of P. brassicae in vegetable cropping systems is usually regarded as slow, and has been associated mainly with the movement of infested soil on farm implements during cultivation, in flood water and in infected transplants (Crute et al, 1980;Donald et al, 2006). Resting spores of P. brassicae can survive passage through the digestive tracts of livestock and, consequently, could also be spread through the movement of infested animals and manure (G.R.…”

Section: Dispersal Of the Pathogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of clubroot development and management on canola and Brassica vegetables

Gossen

McDonald

Hwang

et al. 2013

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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A comparison of clubroot development and management on canola and Brassica vegetables, Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 35:2, 175-191, Abstract: Clubroot of canola was identified for the first time on the Canadian prairies in 2003, and is spreading rapidly across the region.Although clubroot has been studied extensively on vegetable Brassica crops, it was not clear initially how much of the information would be directly transferable from the intensive production of vegetable crops to the extensive production practices used for canola. This review examines similarities and differences between clubroot development and management on vegetable crops and canola. One important difference was that clubroot generally has a larger economic impact on canola, which is harvested for seed, than on vegetables, especially those where early vegetative growth is the marketable component. Also, clubroot has spread within the production area more quickly than was expected based on vegetable production. This occurs in large part because the resting spores are readily moved within and between fields on the heavy machinery used for canola production, but movement of spores by wind and water is also being assessed. Interestingly, crop rotation to reduce yield losses may be a more viable approach for canola than in vegetable production. Resistance to clubroot is the most consistent and economically viable approach to clubroot management in canola, but several lines of evidence indicate that this resistance may not be durable. Fortunately, the large acreage of canola production in Canada ensures that new sources of resistance will be developed and deployed as existing sources are eroded. Pathogen development and cultural control are very similar on vegetables and canola; bait crops and soil amendments are generally not commercially viable in either system; and biocontrol has a limited potential at this time. Manipulation of seeding date, application of fungicide, and soil fumigation generally have more potential for use in vegetable production than for canola. Identification of approaches that reduce disease pressure in clubroot-infested fields and increase the durability and diversity of genes for clubroot resistance represent important lines of future research.Résumé: La hernie des crucifères a été détectée pour la première fois dans des cultures de canola sur les Prairies canadiennes en 2003. Cette maladie continue d'envahir la région à un rythme accéléré. Cette maladie a fait l'objet de nombreuses études chez les cultures maraîchères du genre Brassica et nous ne savions pas, initialement, quelles informations dérivées de la production intensive des cultures maraîchères seraient pertinentes pour la culture à grande échelle du canola. Cet article de synthèse examine les similitudes et les différences entre l'évolution et la gestion de la hernie chez les cultures maraîchères et le canola. Une différence importante est le plus grand impact économique de la hernie sur le canola, qui est cultivé pour sa graine, que sur les cultures mar...

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Section: Dispersal Of the Pathogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of clubroot development and management on canola and Brassica vegetables

Gossen

McDonald

Hwang

et al. 2013

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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“…The clubroot disease of the Brassicaceae, caused by such an obligate biotrophic pathogen, is one of the most damaging within this family causing high yield losses in vegetable crops and oilseed rape (Voorrips 1995). Its control is only possible by complex methods (Donald et al 2006). The causal agent of the disease is the protist Plasmodiophora brassicae, a close relative of two other plant pathogenic protists of the genus Polymyxa and Spongospora (Archibald and Keeling 2004).…”

Section: Development Of the Clubroot Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Glucosinolates and the clubroot disease: defense compounds or auxin precursors?

Ludwig‐Müller

2008

Phytochem Rev

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The clubroot disease is caused by the obligate biotrophic protist Plasmodiophora brassicae and is one of the most damaging for the family of Brassicaceae. Since many economically important crops belong to this plant family, the understanding of mechanisms how the disease is developing, are of high importance. Glucosinolates, a group of secondary plant products in the family of Brassicaceae, have long been associated with clubroot disease symptoms. Measurements showed that several glucosinolates are induced in root galls. While aliphatic glucosinolates are regarded as defense compounds, analysis of Brassica cultivars as well as Arabidopsis thaliana mutants provided correlative evidence between disease severity and indole glucosinolate content. The latter have been discussed as precursors for auxin biosynthesis. Since high auxin levels are associated with large root galls, indole glucosinolates could contribute directly or indirectly to the extent of disease development. Transcriptome and proteome experiments have revealed evidence for the involvement of genes from the glucosinolate and auxin pathway in gall formation. These data have been complemented by expression and mutant analysis. It can be concluded that regulation of glucosinolate and IAA biosynthesis might differ in Brassica and Arabidopsis.

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“…Narisawa et al (2005) reported that control of clubroot on Chinese cabbage using the endophytic fungus Heteroconium chaetospira was more consistently effective when pathogen inoculum was at or below 1×10 5 resting spores per g of soil. In order to improve the efficiency of the biocontrol agents under high disease pressure, it will be necessary to develop an integrated disease management system (Donald et al 2006). Indeed, better efficiency could be achieved by the combination of biocontrol agents and other control measures, such as a resistant cultivar, crop rotation (Wallenhammar 1996;Cheah et al 2006), seeding date selection (McDonald and Westerveld 2008), soil (Webster and Dixon 1991a, b;Dixon and Page 1998), chemical control (Suzuki et al 1995;Takeshi et al 2004), and other biological control measures (Narisawa et al 1998;Cheah et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of bacterial isolates for biological control of clubroot on Chinese cabbage

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2014

Eur J Plant Pathol

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Clubroot caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae is becoming an emerging threat to the production of crucifer vegetable crops in China. The aim of this study was to develop an effective biocontrol strategy against clubroot of Chinese cabbage. Results indicated that six out of fourteen bacterial strains that were isolated from vegetable rhizosphere soil reduced disease severity of Chinese cabbage by more than 50.% under greenhouse conditions.In greenhouse experiments, a soil-drench application of strain YFY 02, 13-1 and HY cell-free culture filtrate reduced the clubroot by 37.7-74.6 % relative to pathogen post-inoculation control on the highly susceptible Chinese cabbage cultivar. Seed treatment of strain YFY 02, 13-1 and HY cell-free culture filtrate reduced clubroot by 23.8-56.0 % in greenhouse experiments. In two field trials conducted at Tonghai and Lufeng sites, cell-free culture filtrates of three isolates reduced clubroot severity on Chinese cabbage by 62.4-76.8 % and 79.4 % -85.1 %, respectively. This efficacy was similar to fungicide Cyazofamid. Based on the sequence analysis of the 16S rDNA gene and identification of biochemical and physiologica criteria l(Biolog carbon source utilization analysis), the strains YFY 02 and HY were identified as Lysobacter antibioticus. To our knowledge, this is the first report of L. antibioticus strains being a promising candidate as a biological control agent against clubroot.

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An Integrated Approach to the Control of Clubroot in Vegetable Brassica Crops

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

A comparison of clubroot development and management on canola and Brassica vegetables

A comparison of clubroot development and management on canola and Brassica vegetables

Glucosinolates and the clubroot disease: defense compounds or auxin precursors?

Isolation and characterization of bacterial isolates for biological control of clubroot on Chinese cabbage

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