2002
DOI: 10.2475/ajs.302.2.110
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An integrated assessment of a "type euxinic" deposit: Evidence for multiple controls on black shale deposition in the middle Devonian Oatka Creek formation

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Cited by 211 publications
(126 citation statements)
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“…These enrichments yield the high degrees of pyritization (DOP) and elevated ratios of highly reactive-to-total Fe and total Fe-to-Al that unambiguously delineate water-column py- Iron-based proxies have been invaluable in the interpretation of ancient black shales (Raiswell et al, 1988;Werne et al, 2002;Shen et al, 2003). Water-column (syngenetic) iron sulfi de formation is also expressed in the uniform and comparatively small sizes observed for pyrite framboids that form in suspension and settle to the bottom as part of Unit 1, in contrast to the larger and more scattered framboid diameters observed forming during diagenesis beneath oxic bottom waters (Wilkin et al, 1997;Wilkin and Arthur, 2001).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These enrichments yield the high degrees of pyritization (DOP) and elevated ratios of highly reactive-to-total Fe and total Fe-to-Al that unambiguously delineate water-column py- Iron-based proxies have been invaluable in the interpretation of ancient black shales (Raiswell et al, 1988;Werne et al, 2002;Shen et al, 2003). Water-column (syngenetic) iron sulfi de formation is also expressed in the uniform and comparatively small sizes observed for pyrite framboids that form in suspension and settle to the bottom as part of Unit 1, in contrast to the larger and more scattered framboid diameters observed forming during diagenesis beneath oxic bottom waters (Wilkin et al, 1997;Wilkin and Arthur, 2001).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Enrichment can clearly be recognised by the Fe HR /FeT ratio but alternative methods for detecting iron enrichment came from Werne et al (2002) who used the FeT/Ti ratio, which was shortly superseded by FeT/Al mass ratio (Lyons et al, 2003). The FeT/Al ratio is more widely used than the FeT/Ti ratio (see Lyons and Severmann, 2006), and only the former is considered hereon.…”
Section: The Fet/al Ratiomentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However intermediate values are not necessarily diagnostic of restricted bottom water conditions but can also occur where there is exposure to high concentrations of dissolved sulphide in normal marine conditions, or from high rates of sedimentation (sufficiently high to dilute the additional reactive iron) under euxinic conditions (Werne et al, 2002;Cruse and Lyons, 2004;Lyons and Severmann, 2006). Rapid deposition swamps the iron enrichment (see Section 4) and continued exposure to dissolved sulphide has relatively little effect because the reactive iron pool is exhausted (Lyons, 1997;Hurtgen et al, 1999).…”
Section: Calibration Of Dopmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As another example, a detailed analysis of normal marine to euxinic sediments from the Devonian Appalachian Basin [Sageman et al, 2003] documents a wide range of reactive iron concentrations (Fe HR + Fe PR ), from 0.5 wt% to 7.92 wt %. However, it is important to note that highly enriched values in these Devonian data have been attributed to euxinic Fe scavenging [Werne et al, 2002], as is presently observed in the Black Sea deep basin sediments.…”
Section: Is Reactive Iron Concentration (C Fe ) Variable Enough On Gementioning
confidence: 61%