An integrated dual-layer microfluidic platform for multiple respiratory viruses screening

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Based on Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAATs) and Its Integration into Nanomedicine and Microfluidic Devices as Point-of-Care Testing (POCT)

“…To minimize the occurrence of false negatives, several authors and commercial products have performed multiplexing of the targets in the test (different genes). We have reviewed some multiplexed approaches capable of detecting multiple targets of SARS-CoV-2, multiple respiratory viruses simultaneously, or different variants of concern within SARS-CoV-2 [ 65 , 66 , 67 , 98 , 101 , 103 , 108 , 111 ]. Multiplexed reactions within isothermal amplification can be a limitation, as it is possible that more unspecific amplification has occurred, as well as the competition between primers for each target, etc.…”

“…This integration allows for the simultaneous detection of SARS-CoV-2 and different influenza viruses in a portable device that measures fluorescence. The Dµchip demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity [ 101 ]. RT-LAMP has also been integrated into a 3D cartridge chip, along with a smartphone as a reader, enabling RNA extraction-free detection within 40 min [ 102 ].…”

Microfluidic systems for infectious disease diagnostics

“…LODs were 50-200 copies per mL depending on the assay with an on-chip protocol duration of 40 min. 159 Other recent centrifugal microfluidic systems for RTI diagnostics (SARS-CoV-2, influenza A/B) implemented RT-LAMP/Cas12a detection or RT-qPCR, 160,161 rapid differential diagnosis of seven human respiratory coronaviruses, 162 or isothermal amplification for detection of 19 types of respiratory viruses. 163 A fully automated microfluidic PCR-array platform, developed by Huang et al, could complete detection of 21…”

Microfluidic strategies for biomimetic lung chip establishment and SARS-CoV2 study

“…Integrating biosensors, multiplex, and artificial intelligence setups into chips can provide real-time online monitoring of the behavior of SARS-CoV2, including viral infection and transmission, microenvironment changes, and organ function [ 141 , 142 ]. Finally, on-chip multi-omics and high-resolution imaging devices can be used to analyze ultra-early-stage viral infection detection, virus screening, organopathy, and secondary and systemic diseases [ [143] , [144] , [145] ]. Hu's group [ 113 ] recently designed an integrated on-chip interferon-gamma release analyzer incorporating a fluorescent microscope to evaluate SARS-CoV2-specific T-cell response in vaccinated or infected populations.…”