An integrated modeling study on the effects of mineral dust and sea salt particles on clouds and precipitation

Solomos, Stavros; Kallos, George; Kushta, Jonilda; Astitha, Marina; Tremback, Craig J.; Nenes, Athanasios; Levin, Zev

doi:10.5194/acp-11-873-2011

Cited by 123 publications

(135 citation statements)

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“…Gustafson et al, 2007;Chapman et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2010aZhang et al, , b, 2012cSaide et al, 2012). Two European studies investigating not only the impact of aerosol direct and indirect effects on meteorology but also on air quality (O 3 and PM 10 ) were recently presented by Forkel et al (2012) and Zhang Solomos et al, 2011). Fig.…”

Section: Applications With Feedbacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the model has also two-way nesting capabilities (e.g. Solomos et al, 2011), the simultaneous description of long-range transport phenomena and aerosol-cloud interactions at cloud resolving scales are possible.…”

Section: Initial Conditions and Boundary Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…G: O3 climatology A: aerosols climatology C: LWC when coupled on-line (1D simulations) vs. Parametrisation of cloud impact (Chang et al, 1987) Kallos et al (2009), Solomos et al (2011) G: Harrington radiation scheme with H2O, O3 and CO2 and other gases RRTMg OPAC A: Option to use Harrington radiation scheme with simulated natural aerosols and anthropogenic sulphates; RRTMg OPAC PM, option for online treatment of natural aerosols C: Interaction with explicitly solved liquid and ice hydrometeor size-spectra G: Harrington radiation scheme with H2O, O3 and CO2 and other gases; RRTMg OPAC A: Option to use Harrington radiation scheme with simulated natural aerosols and anthropogenic sulphates; RRTMg OPAC PM, option for online treatment of natural aerosols C: Interaction with explicitly solved liquid and ice hydrometeor size-spectra G,A,C: Photolysis rates are computed online according to Madronich et al, 1987. Absorption cross sections and quantum yields according to Carter, 2000 The complexity of the treatment of the effect of simulated aerosol concentrations on short-wave and long-wave radiation fluxes varies substantially among models.…”

Section: Meso-nhmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Integrated Community Limited Area Modelling System (ICLAMS; Solomos et al, 2011) has been developed at the University of Athens, with contributions from ATMET LLc, USA and Georgia Institute of Technology, as an extended version of RAMS6.0 atmospheric model (Cotton et al, 2003). It is a new generation integrated modelling system that includes two-way interactive nesting, detailed surface (soil, vegetation) and explicit cloud microphysics.…”

Section: A14 Rams/iclams Usa/greecementioning

confidence: 99%

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Online coupled regional meteorology chemistry models in Europe: current status and prospects

et al. 2014

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Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. A. Baklanov et al.: Online coupled regional meteorology chemistry models in EuropeAbstract. Online coupled mesoscale meteorology atmospheric chemistry models have undergone a rapid evolution in recent years. Although mainly developed by the air quality modelling community, these models are also of interest for numerical weather prediction and regional climate modelling as they can consider not only the effects of meteorology on air quality, but also the potentially important effects of atmospheric composition on weather. Two ways of online coupling can be distinguished: online integrated and online access coupling. Online integrated models simulate meteorology and chemistry over the same grid in one model using one main time step for integration. Online access models use independent meteorology and chemistry modules that might even have different grids, but exchange meteorology and chemistry data on a regular and frequent basis. This article offers a comprehensive review of the current research status of online coupled meteorology and atmospheric chemistry modelling within Europe. Eighteen regional online coupled models developed or being used in Europe are described and compared. Topics discussed include a survey of processes relevant to the interactions between atmospheric physics, dynamics and composition; a brief overview of existing online mesoscale models and European model developments; an analysis on how feedback processes are treated in these models; numerical issues associated with coupled models; and several case studies and model performance evaluation methods. Finally, this article highlights selected scientific issues and emerging challenges that require proper consideration to improve the reliability and usability of these models for the three scientific communities: air quality, numerical meteorology modelling (including weather prediction) and climate modelling. This review will be of particular interest to model developers and users in all three fields as it presents a synthesis of scientific progress and provides recommendations for future research directions and priorities in the development, application and evaluation of online coupled models.

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Section: Applications With Feedbacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Initial Conditions and Boundary Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Meso-nhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A14 Rams/iclams Usa/greecementioning

confidence: 99%

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Online coupled regional meteorology chemistry models in Europe: current status and prospects

et al. 2014

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“…Dust particles modify the earth's radiation budget, act as Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN), so they alter cloud microphysical processes, and neutralize acid rain (Solomos et al, 2011). Their effects in the Mediterranean include serious implications for the water budget and the regional climate (Kallos et al, 1998;Santese et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the Influence of African Dust on PM10 Concentrations at the Athens Air Quality Monitoring Network during the Period 2001-2010

Aleksandropoulou

Lazaridis

2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The objective of this work was to identify Sahara dust intrusions and quantify their contribution to annual and daily PM 10 concentrations over the Athens Metropolitan Area (AMA) during the period 2001-2010. Additionally, extreme PM 10 values attributed to large forest fires and volcanic emissions or the synergy of the above with African dust intrusions have been identified. It was found that the concentrations of PM 10 during the period studied exceeded the European Union's Air Quality Standard (EU AQS) value at most of the traffic urban (TU) stations. Most of the extreme values were attributed to dust events or large forest fires. The contribution from African dust to PM 10 concentrations on days with events and exceedances of the EU AQS was approximately 50% at TU stations and 72% at the background suburban stations (BS). Most of the African dust events contributed about 5 μg/m 3 to 34 μg/m 3 to the daily PM 10 concentrations, whereas the average contribution to annual PM 10 concentrations was approximately 8.6 ± 1.8 μg/m 3 i.e., 22.2 ± 7.5%. During the decade, no clear interannual relationship was observed between the African dust contribution and the frequency and intensity of events. The more frequent and severe episodes occurred during spring, while less frequent and less severe episodes occurred during summer. After the extraction of the African dust load the annual and daily AQS was exceeded in 2010 at only one TU station. The average annual contribution of African dust to the exceedances was approximately 36% at TU stations and 58% at BS stations.

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Impact of natural aerosols on atmospheric radiation and consequent feedbacks with the meteorological and photochemical state of the atmosphere

et al. 2014

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This paper addresses the aerosol effects on radiation and the feedback on meteorology and photochemical activity, applying the online model RAMS/ICLAMS. The model treats meteorology and chemical pollutants on an interactive way. Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), giant cloud condensation nuclei, and ice nuclei are treated as predictive quantities. The calculation of the aerosol optical properties accounts for size-resolved mineral dust and size-and humidity-dependent optical properties of sea salt. The simulations with and without aerosol impacts reveal the complex direct and indirect mechanisms through which the alteration of radiation fluxes influences meteorology and photochemical processes. For the specific dust event, the reduction in the surface shortwave radiation over cloudless regions affected by dust averages at~À75 W m À2 at 12:00 UTC per unit dust loading (1 g m À2 ). The increase on downwelling longwave radiation over the same areas and time averages at~40 W m À2 per unit dust loading (1 g m À2 ).Surface upwelling longwave radiation over Mediterranean exhibits a complex daytime behavior. During midnight, the inclusion of dust leads to larger upwelling longwave radiation fluxes over the African continent. The net downward longwave radiation over cloudless areas exhibits an increase both during noon and midnight with the inclusion of dust. The results show that the vertical structure of the dust layer governs the magnitude of the feedback on radiation. The activation of natural particles as CCN causes small changes in radiation fluxes and temperature. Precipitation is influenced more by the indirect rather than the direct and semidirect effects.

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An integrated modeling study on the effects of mineral dust and sea salt particles on clouds and precipitation

Cited by 123 publications

References 99 publications

Online coupled regional meteorology chemistry models in Europe: current status and prospects

Online coupled regional meteorology chemistry models in Europe: current status and prospects

Identification of the Influence of African Dust on PM10 Concentrations at the Athens Air Quality Monitoring Network during the Period 2001-2010

Impact of natural aerosols on atmospheric radiation and consequent feedbacks with the meteorological and photochemical state of the atmosphere

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