An Integrated Theory of the No‐Reflow Phenomenon and the Beneficial Effect of Vascular Washout on No‐Reflow

Calhoun, Karen H.; Tan, Luke; Seikaly, Hadi

doi:10.1097/00005537-199904000-00002

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…25,26 Intravascular plugging by fibrin or platelets may also contribute to the no-reflow phenomenon. [27][28][29][30] Beneficial effects of ibuprofen, 31 prostaglandin E1, 32 and vascular washout with heparinized saline 33 support the concept that these blood elements may be important. In a no-reflow model of a New Zealand white rabbit study by Golino et al, 34 platelet depletion markedly reduced the extent of no-reflow zones.…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 88%

No-Reflow Phenomenon

2002

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Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 88%

No-Reflow Phenomenon

2002

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“…the removal of blood components from the microvasculature during liver retrieval, may affect subsequent graft injury and function [76,77]. Numerous parameters related to graft washout in transplantation settings might influence its efficacy in removing blood cells: (1) type of solution (colloid content, viscosity) [78]; (2) temperature (hypothermic or normothermic washout) [79]; (3) high or low washout pressure/speed (shear stress) [76,80,81]; (4) washout time [77]; (5) heparinization [82,83], and (6) way of washout (portal venous, arterial, or simultaneous) [77]. …”

Section: Technical Issues Concerning P-olt In Ratsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Research Practice in Rat Orthotopic and Partial Orthotopic Liver Transplantation: A Review, Recommendation, and Publication Guide

Czigány

Iwasaki²,

Yagi³

et al. 2015

Eur Surg Res

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Background: Due to a worldwide shortage of donor organs for liver transplantation, alternative approaches, such as split and living donor liver transplantations, were introduced to increase the donor pool and reduce mortality on liver transplant waiting lists. Numerous details concerning the mechanisms and pathophysiology of liver regeneration, small-for-size syndrome, rejection, and tolerance in partial liver transplantation facilitated the development of various animal models. The high number of preclinical animal studies contributed enormously to our understanding of many clinical aspects of living donor and partial liver transplantations. Summary: Microsurgical rat models of partial orthotopic liver transplantation are well established and widely used. Nevertheless, several issues regarding this procedure are controversial, not clarified, or not yet properly standardized (graft rearterialization, size reduction techniques, etc.). The major aim of this literature review is to give the reader a current overview of rat orthotopic liver transplantation models with a special focus on partial liver transplantation. The aspects of model evolution, microsurgical training, and different technical problems are analyzed and discussed in detail. Our further aim in this paper is to elaborate a detailed publication guide in order to improve the quality of reporting in the field of rat liver transplantation according to the ARRIVE guidelines and the 3R principle. Key Messages: Partial orthotopic liver transplantation in rats is an indispensable, reliable, and cost-efficient model for transplantation research. A certain consensus on different technical issues and a significant improvement in scientific reporting are essential to improve transparency and comparability in this field as well as to foster refinement.

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“…Volume-controlled flush of the vascular bed was performed with 1 ml warmed Ringer's lactate solution containing 100 units of Fraxiparine , using a ϳ 0.15-mm cannula inserted into the thoracodorsal artery ( ϳ 0.1 ml/min). The washout fluid was heparinized, because this has been shown to increase ischemic tolerance in free flaps [21][22][23] . The tissue was kept moist by continuous irrigation with preheated Ringer's lactate solution.…”

Section: Allograft Muscle Transplantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Anatomy of the Hamster Retractor Muscle with Regard to Its Microvascular Transfer

With

Vries

Kroese³

et al. 2008

Eur Surg Res

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Background: The hamster retractor muscle (RET) is used as an in vivo model in studies of skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury. The RET is unique in that the muscle can be isolated while preserving the primary vascular supply so that its contractile function can be measured simultaneously with local microvascular responses to experimental interventions. The goal of this study was to understand the anatomical origin of the vascular supply to the RET and determine whether the RET can be used as a free flap after surgical isolation of the thoracodorsal vessels. Methods: Microdissection was performed to determine the anatomy of the vasculature that supplies and drains the RET. Results: Distinct numbers and patterns of feed arteries (2–4) and collecting veins (1–3) were identified (n = 26 animals). Dye injection (n = 8) of the thoracodorsal artery demonstrated that the RET remains perfused following its isolation on the thoracodorsal pedicle. Heterotopic allograft transplantation of the RET (n = 2) was performed by anastomosing the thoracodorsal vessels to the femoral vessels using the end-to-side technique. Conclusions: The anatomical relationships indicate that the RET can be used as a free flap model for evaluating the effect of preservation strategies and transplantation on skeletal muscle microcirculation and contractile function.

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An Integrated Theory of the No‐Reflow Phenomenon and the Beneficial Effect of Vascular Washout on No‐Reflow

Cited by 23 publications

References 55 publications

No-Reflow Phenomenon

No-Reflow Phenomenon

Improving Research Practice in Rat Orthotopic and Partial Orthotopic Liver Transplantation: A Review, Recommendation, and Publication Guide

Vascular Anatomy of the Hamster Retractor Muscle with Regard to Its Microvascular Transfer

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