An integrated turbulent simulation and parameter modeling study on sea-spray dynamics and fluxes

Wan, Zhanhong; Zhu, Jian-Bin; Sun, Ke; Zhou, Kun

doi:10.1016/j.oceaneng.2016.11.041

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…To calculate the sea spray generation at 200 μm, we chose the results of Wan et al [20], who used the windsea Reynolds number to determine the production ratio of spume droplets in the radius range from 10 μm to 200 μm:…”

Section: Model Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of spray droplets over the ocean surface

Wan

et al. 2019

THERM SCI

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Spray droplets, ejected from the ocean surface, are known to transport in the marine atmospheric boundary-layer, in which they exchange momentum and heat with the atmosphere. This paper gives a numerical approach to description of sea spray drops. Large eddy simulation is used to perform the air-flow over the sea surface while simultaneously tracking the trajectories of Lagrangian point-particle elements designed to represent spray particles in air, the particle mo-mentum relaxation time, the suspension time, the velocity of particles in different radii and different wind speeds are discussed. This simplified model shows that the contribution of droplet particles to the air-sea momentum transport cannot be ignored. The spray droplets suspended over the sea surface are once formed, they will accelerate to the local wind speed in less than 1 second, and thereby the drops can extract momentum from the wind, reduce sea surface wind speed and eventually plunge back into the ocean. The averaged particle concentration is balanced by an equivalent production of new particles.

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Section: Model Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of spray droplets over the ocean surface

Wan

et al. 2019

THERM SCI

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“…Zhao et al (2006) used the windsea Reynolds number to determine the production ratio of spume droplets with radius at 30-500 μm . Wan et al (2017) revised the SSGF presented by Zhao et al (2006) and improved its application by expanding the droplets’ radius range from 10 to 500 μm . Both the field and lab testing data present that the range of droplets spread is determined by those droplets with radii less than 10 μm (Fairall et al , 2009), indicating that there are much smaller droplets than larger droplets.…”

Section: Spray Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of ocean waves on spray stress and surface drag coefficient

Wan

et al. 2019

HFF

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Purpose The behaviors of sea surface drag coefficient should be well understood for an accurate hurricane prediction. The speed of wind has been applied to characterize the spray production; however, this could result in inaccurate spray productions compared to the experimental or field data if the influence of wave state is not considered. This paper aims to integrate a new sea spray generation function, described by windsea Reynolds number, into the spray momentum flux formula to calculate the spray momentum. Design/methodology/approach On the basis of this spray momentum, this study proposes the new formulas of spray stress and drag coefficient when the wind speed is high. Findings Results of the revised formulas show that wave status had significant effects on the spray stress and sea surface drag coefficient. Also, wave age was found to be an important parameter that affects the drag coefficient. The drag coefficient decreased with the increasing wave age. Comparison between this study’s theoretical and observation values of drag coefficient shows that the study results are close to the measured values. Research limitations/implications The research findings can enhance the understanding of the behaviors of sea surface drag for an accurate hurricane prediction. Originality/value A new sea spray generation function, described by windsea Reynolds number, is integrated into the spray momentum flux formula to calculate the spray momentum. On the basis of this spray momentum, this study proposes the new formulas of spray stress and drag coefficient when the wind speed is high.

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“…The coupling between the sea ice model and the LES model is achieved by adding sea-ice related items to the LES model, which is frequently used in simulations of particle motion [14,15]. The equation for this combination, which includes a sea ice motion term and frazil ice term, is:…”

Section: The Les-ice Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of salinity on sea ice motion

Wang

et al. 2018

THERM SCI

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We combined large eddy simulation (LES) with a thermodynamic slab ice model to simulate and study the sea ice motion and frazil ice dynamics in the ocean mixed layer in the Arctic winter. To show the accurate representation of leads in models, fluxes distributed laterally beneath leads and sea ice need to be parameterized. The 3-D LES model, which is developed from a 2-D turbulence model, is used to model the convection of beneath leads and sea ice. The experiments were then achived by combining the LES model with the ice model. The concentration of frazil ice was modeled using the Omstedt and Svensson model. The ice crystal radius and growth rates were assumed to be constant and the temperature and salinity changes with depth were taken into account. Salinity distribution and frazil ice concentration were influenced by ice motion, and variations in ocean salinity during freezing and thawing were also investigated. Entrained flow caused by the movement of sea ice has a significant influence on the eddy. Sea ice roughness is also important in the formation of the eddy current, and the values of the ice crystal rise velocity and the ice concentration source term coefficient influence frazil ice dynamics. The effects of sea ice thermodynamic dissipation on the sea is more remarkable, affecting the heat transfer to the atmosphere. The brine rejected during ice crystal formation and dilution of seawater are other important mechanisms of marine cyclical shocks.

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An integrated turbulent simulation and parameter modeling study on sea-spray dynamics and fluxes

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

Simulation of spray droplets over the ocean surface

Simulation of spray droplets over the ocean surface

The impact of ocean waves on spray stress and surface drag coefficient

Effect of salinity on sea ice motion

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