An integrated view of gamma radiation effects on marine fauna: from molecules to ecosystems

Won, Eun‐Ji; Dahms, Hans-Uwe; Kumar, K. Suresh; Shin, Kyung‐Hoon; Lee, Jae‐Seong

doi:10.1007/s11356-014-3797-4

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…This in turn initiates a self-propagating chain reaction that can potentially damage cells or tissues, even if only a few lipids in the cell membrane were oxidized in the first place (Mylonas and Kouretas, 1999). Lipid peroxides can directly induce physiological changes in an organism by collapsing the membrane structure, which reduces membrane fluidity and ion transport (Won et al, 2014a). At the (primary) producerconsumer interface, oxidation of PUFAs can affect the food quality of the primary producer and may therefore indirectly affect the consumer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma Radiation Induced Changes in the Biochemical Composition of Aquatic Primary Producers and Their Effect on Grazers

Golz

Bradshaw

2019

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Changes in the biochemical composition of primary producers can alter their food quality, influencing their consumers and further propagating through the food web. Gamma (È) radiation is an environmentally important type of ionizing radiation as it can damage macromolecules such as DNA, proteins, and lipids due to its high frequency, short wavelength, and high energy photons. Here, we investigate whether short-term È-radiation changes the biochemical composition of primary producers and if radiation-induced changes affect higher trophic levels. Two phytoplankton species were exposed to two doses of È-radiation and compared to a control. The metabolic profile and total protein content of the algae were measured at five time points within 24 h. Additionally, we measured carbon incorporation rates of Daphnia magna fed with the exposed algae. Gamma radiation had a significant effect on phytoplankton biochemical composition, although these effects were species-specific. The changes in phytoplankton biochemical composition indicate that È-radiation induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). D. magna incorporated more carbon when fed with algae previously exposed to È-radiation; this could be due to radiation-induced changes in nutritional quality, algal anti-grazing defenses, or chemical feeding stimuli.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma Radiation Induced Changes in the Biochemical Composition of Aquatic Primary Producers and Their Effect on Grazers

Golz

Bradshaw

2019

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Gamma radiation is a potent agent for breaking bonds in the genetic material or causing cellular damage through the induction of oxidative stress, particularly in dividing cells having high active metabolism. As such, it has the potential to induce reprotoxicity and genetic defects (Adam-Guillermin et al, 2012;Hurem et al, 2017a) and impair reproductive function in aquatic fauna (Won et al, 2015). Germ cells are the precursors of the gametes (oocytes and sperm), and due to their characteristics of rapid cell division and high active metabolism are particularly vulnerable to ionizing radiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma irradiation during gametogenesis in young adult zebrafish causes persistent genotoxicity and adverse reproductive effects

Hurem

Gomes

Brede

et al. 2018

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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The biological effects of gamma radiation may exert damage beyond that of the individual through its deleterious effects on reproductive function. Impaired reproductive performance can result in reduced population size over consecutive generations. In a continued effort to investigate reproductive and heritable effects of ionizing radiation, we recently demonstrated adverse effects and genomic instability in progeny of parents exposed to gamma radiation. In the present study, genotoxicity and effects on the reproduction following subchronic exposure during a gametogenesis cycle to Co gamma radiation (27 days, 8.7 and 53 mGy/h, total doses 5.2 and 31 Gy) were investigated in the adult wild-type zebrafish (Danio rerio). A significant reduction in embryo production was observed one month after exposure in the 53 mGy/h exposure group compared to control and 8.7 mGy/h. One year later, embryo production was significantly lower in the 53 mGy/h group compared only to control, with observed sterility, accompanied by a regression of reproductive organs in 100% of the fish 1.5 years after exposure. Histopathological examinations revealed no significant changes in the testis in the 8.7 mGy/h group, while in 62.5% of females exposed to this dose rate the oogenesis was found to be only at the early previtellogenic stage. The DNA damage determined in whole blood, 1.5 years after irradiation, using a high throughput Comet assay, was significantly higher in the exposed groups (1.2 and 3-fold increase in 8.7 and 53 mGy/h females respectively; 3-fold and 2-fold increase in 8.7 and 53 mGy/h males respectively) compared to controls. A significantly higher number of micronuclei (4-5%) was found in erythrocytes of both the 8.7 and 53 mGy/h fish compared to controls. This study shows that gamma radiation at a dose rate of ≥ 8.7 mGy/h during gametogenesis causes adverse reproductive effects and persistent genotoxicity (DNA damage and increased micronuclei) in adult zebrafish.

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“…In fact, rotifers are extremely resistant to oxidative stress-inducing stressors. For example, mortality was not induced in the rotifer B. koreanus after 1200 Gy gamma irradiation, which is associated with strong oxidative stress, − while less than 2 Gy γ radiation is reported to cause acute toxicity in most mammals . Similarly, the bdelloid rotifers Adineta vaga and Philodina roseola are extremely tolerant to ionizing radiation, which is also known to generate oxidative stress .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Role of Freshwater and Marine Rotifer Glutathione S-Transferase Sigma and Omega Isoforms Transformed into Heavy Metal-Exposed Escherichia coli

Lee

Kang

Jeong

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play an important role in phase II of detoxification to protect cells in response to oxidative stress generated by exogenous toxicants. Despite their important role in defense, studies on invertebrate GSTs have mainly focused on identification and characterization. Here, we isolated omega and sigma classes of GSTs from the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus and the marine rotifer Brachionus koreanus and explored their antioxidant function in response to metal-induced oxidative stress. The recombinant Bc- and Bk-GSTs were successfully transformed and expressed in Escherichia coli. Their antioxidant potential was characterized by measuring kinetic properties and enzymatic activity in response to pH, temperature, and chemical inhibitor. In addition, a disk diffusion assay, reactive oxygen species assay, and morphological analysis revealed that GST transformed into E. coli significantly protected cells from oxidative stress induced by H2O2 and metals (Hg, Cd, Cu, and Zn). Stronger antioxidant activity was exhibited by GST-S compared to GST-O in both rotifers, suggesting that GST-S plays a prominent function as an antioxidant defense mechanism in Brachionus spp. Overall, our study clearly shows the antioxidant role of Bk- and Bc-GSTs in E. coli and provides a greater understanding of GST class-specific and interspecific detoxification in rotifer Brachionus spp.

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An integrated view of gamma radiation effects on marine fauna: from molecules to ecosystems

Cited by 14 publications

References 61 publications

Gamma Radiation Induced Changes in the Biochemical Composition of Aquatic Primary Producers and Their Effect on Grazers

Gamma Radiation Induced Changes in the Biochemical Composition of Aquatic Primary Producers and Their Effect on Grazers

Gamma irradiation during gametogenesis in young adult zebrafish causes persistent genotoxicity and adverse reproductive effects

Protective Role of Freshwater and Marine Rotifer Glutathione S-Transferase Sigma and Omega Isoforms Transformed into Heavy Metal-Exposed Escherichia coli

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