An integrative model for understanding and managing ethical behavior in business organizations

Stead, W. Edward; Worrell, Dan L.; Stead, Jean Garner

doi:10.1007/bf00382649

Cited by 297 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In addition, they support the realization of anti-corruption measures. A positive signal that may also contribute to a corruption-aversive subjective norm is the cooperation with other companies, governments, employers' organizations, and non-governmental organizations in the fight against corruption (e.g., Argandoña, 2003;Kubal et al, 2006;McDonald, 2000;Stead et al, 1990).…”

Section: Managerial Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding Corruption in Organizations – Development and Empirical Assessment of an Action Model

2008

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Despite a strong sensitization to the corruption problem and a large body of interdisciplinary research, scientists have only rarely investigated which motivational, volitional, emotional, and cognitive components make decision makers in companies act corruptly. Thus, we examined how their interrelation leads to corruption by proposing an action model. We tested the model using a business simulation game with students as participants. Results of the PLS structural equation modeling showed that both an attitude and subjective norm favoring corruption led to a desire to act corruptly. Given high perceived behavioral control, this desire was transformed into an intention that finally resulted in corrupt action. Components related to general private and professional goals did not allow for any prediction. Based on these results, we discuss preventative measures and methods for combating intra-and inter-organizational corruption.

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Section: Managerial Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To create a corruptionaversive attitude, it is necessary that ethical behavior is reinforced and corrupt behavior is punished. Additionally, performance evaluations and the associated rewards have to be tied to ethical behavior (e.g., Argandoña, 2003;Cole and Smith, 1996;McDonald, 2000;Stead et al, 1990).…”

Section: Managerial Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Corruption in Organizations – Development and Empirical Assessment of an Action Model

2008

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“…Low relativists conform to universal moral rules; high relativists believe that appropriate behavior varies (Forsyth, 1980(Forsyth, , 1992. Studies have provided support for the idealism-relativism classification system (Forsyth, 1981(Forsyth, , 1985Forsyth and Pope, 1984;Forsyth et al, 1988;Stead et al, 1990;Vitell et al, 1991).…”

Section: Theoretical Foundation and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Understanding personal moral philosophy is important to understanding ethical judgments and behavior (Barnett et al, 1994(Barnett et al, , 1996Bass et al, 1999;Stead et al, 1990;Tansey et al, 1994), though they are most relevant when the violated norm is salient (Forsyth and Nye, 1990). Forsyth's (1980Forsyth's ( , 1992 Ethics Position Questionnaire (EPQ) has predicted moral decision making in organizational settings (e.g., Singhapakdi, 1999b) and represents a model-based measure that can extend previous ethics research findings to IT.…”

Section: Theoretical Foundation and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Individual Differences in the Acceptability of Unethical Information Technology Practices: The Case of Machiavellianism and Ethical Ideology

Winter

Stylianou

Giacalone

2004

Journal of Business Ethics

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While information technologies present organizations with opportunities to become more competitive, unsettled social norms and lagging legislation guiding the use of these technologies present organizations and individuals with ethical dilemmas. This paper presents two studies investigating the relationship between intellectual property and privacy attitudes, Machiavellianism and Ethical Ideology, and working in R&D and computer literacy in the form of programming experience. In Study 1, Machiavellians believed it was more acceptable to ignore the intellectual property and privacy rights of others. Programmers and R&D workers considered violating intellectual property rights more acceptable. Programmers did not consider violating privacy rights more acceptable, but R&D workers did. Finally, there was an interaction between Machiavellianism, programming and R&D. Machiavellians who also had programming experience or worked in R&D found violations of intellectual property much more acceptable. The effect of Machiavellianism on attitudes toward violations of privacy was enhanced by working in R&D, but not by programming experience. In Study 2, idealists believed it was less acceptable to ignore the intellectual property and privacy rights of others. Relativists found it more acceptable to violate intellectual property rights, though they did not consider it more acceptable to violate privacy rights. Those with programming experience were more accepting of intellectual property rights violations, but not of privacy violations. Finally, programming experience moderated the relationship between idealism, relativism and attitudes toward these unethical information practices. Implications for diminishing unethical behavior among Machiavellians, Relativists, programmers and those in R&D are discussed.

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“…Much of the research, developed on the basis of psychological theories (Kohlberg, 1969), suggests theoretical models containing different phases (Rest, 1986;Trevino, 1986;Ferrell & Gresham, 1985;Hunt & Vitell, 1986;Bommer et al, 1987;Dubinsky & Loken, 1989;Stead, Worrell & Stead, 1990;Jones, 1991). In one of the most famous and frequently cited models, ethical decision-making is composed of four stages: recognizing an ethical issue, making moral judgments, establishing moral intentions and engaging in moral behavior (Rest, 1986).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Ethical Values into Activity-Based Budgeting

Santosuosso¹

2013

IJBM

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Despite appeals from public opinion all over the world for the development of ethics in business and the widespread adoption of a Code of ethics by many firms, the integration of ethical values into the corporate planning process has received little attention either in real life or in research literature. In order to overcome the gap between ethical principles and practice, this study underlines some key points which could help the integration of values into Activity-Based Budgeting: identifying ethical values, creating an Ethical framework, examining the distinctive parts of actions, choosing a preference order for values, incorporating the values into each single element of every activity. The approach based on activities allows managers to give visibility to those objectives with an ethical dimension and incorporates them analytically into the budgeting system.

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An integrative model for understanding and managing ethical behavior in business organizations

Cited by 297 publications

References 22 publications

Understanding Corruption in Organizations – Development and Empirical Assessment of an Action Model

Understanding Corruption in Organizations – Development and Empirical Assessment of an Action Model

Individual Differences in the Acceptability of Unethical Information Technology Practices: The Case of Machiavellianism and Ethical Ideology

Integration of Ethical Values into Activity-Based Budgeting

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