An intense source of very cold neutrons using solid deuterium and nanodiamonds for the European Spallation Source

Rizzi, Nicola; Folsom, Ben; Akhyani, Mina; Bertelsen, Mads; Böni, Peter; Beßler, Yannick; Bryś, Tomasz; Chambon, Amalia; Czamler, Valentin; Lauritzen, Bent; Damián, Jose Ignacio Márquez; Nesvizhevsky, Valery; Rataj, Blahoslav; Samothrakitis, Stavros; Santoro, Valentina; Shuai, Ha; Strobl, Markus; Strothmann, Mathias; Takibayev, Alan; Wagner, Richard; Zanini, Luca; Zimmer, Oliver

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2024.169215

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2024.169215

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An intense source of very cold neutrons using solid deuterium and nanodiamonds for the European Spallation Source

Nicola Rizzi,

Ben Folsom,

Mina Akhyani

et al.

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Cited by 4 publications

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Neutron instrument concepts for a high intensity moderator at the European spallation source

Samothrakitis,

Bertelsen,

Willendrup

et al. 2024

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In the course of the Horizon 2020 project HighNESS, a second moderator concept has been developed for the European Spallation Source, which complements the currently built moderator and is optimized for high intensity with a large viewable surface area. In this work we introduce conceptual designs for neutron instruments for condensed matter research designed to make optimal use of the capabilities of this moderator. The focus is on two concepts for small-angle neutron scattering and one neutron imaging instrument, which are intended to complement corresponding instruments that are already under construction at the European Spallation Source. One small-angle neutron scattering instrument concept resembles a conventional pinhole collimator geometry and aims to profit from the proposed second moderator by enabling to illuminate larger samples and providing particularly high resolution, drawing on a 30 m collimation and corresponding detector distance. A second small-angle neutron scattering instrument concept adopts nested mirror optics that enable to efficiently exploit the large moderator size and provide high resolution by focusing on the detector. The neutron imaging instrument concept is a typical pinhole instrument that can be found at continuous sources and draws on the corresponding strengths of high flux and large homogeneous fields-of-view, while still providing moderate wavelength resolution for advanced imaging methods.

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Neutron instrument concepts for a high intensity moderator at the European spallation source

Samothrakitis,

Bertelsen,

Willendrup

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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Moderator developments in HighNESS and feedback to compact sources design

Zanini,

Akhyani,

Bertelsen

et al. 2024

EPJ Web Conf.

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The main, high-brightness neutron source for ESS is based on the low-dimensional moderator concept, and will serve the initial suite of neutron scattering instruments. In the HighNESS project several design options have been identified and investigated for a second source for ESS, intended to be complementary to the primary one. The emphasis of this project, completed in September 2023, was on the design of high-intensity sources, delivering Cold, Very Cold (VCN), and Ultra-Cold Neutrons (UCN). Remarkable results include: a cold moderator based on liquid deuterium capable of delivering an intensity close to a factor 10 greater than the ESS upper moderator; a VCN moderator based on solid deuterium at 5 K, surrounded by nanodiamond layers, delivering brightness above 40 Å an order of magnitude higher than a conventional cold moderator placed in the same location; and several design options for UCN sources based on the use of superfluid helium and solid deuterium. The use of these new sources would have a major impact on fundamental physics experiments and neutron scattering techniques. We investigate the possible impact that these concepts can have for compact sources, with particular emphasis on VCN.

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Advances in nuclear data development for moderator and reflector design at the European Spallation Source

DiJulio,

Marquez Damian,

Kittelmann

et al. 2024

EPJ Web Conf.

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Thermal neutron scattering data for neutronic design of neutron sources traditionally has been limited to a few selected materials due to the relevance of those materials to nuclear energy applications and the limitations of legacy software. With the availability and development of recent software, such as NCrystal, the European Spallation Source is engaged in activities to develop new nuclear data, in particular with applications in cold, very-cold and ultra-cold neutrons sources in mind. In this work we showcase highlights of progress on selected studies related to this effort. In particular, we highlight new scattering kernels for Monte Carlo simulation in superfluid helium around 1.0 K and updates to PHITS to include improved thermal neutron scattering.

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An intense source of very cold neutrons using solid deuterium and nanodiamonds for the European Spallation Source

Cited by 4 publications

References 81 publications

Neutron instrument concepts for a high intensity moderator at the European spallation source

Neutron instrument concepts for a high intensity moderator at the European spallation source

Moderator developments in HighNESS and feedback to compact sources design

Advances in nuclear data development for moderator and reflector design at the European Spallation Source

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