An Intensified Marine Predator Algorithm (MPA) for Designing a Solar-Powered BLDC Motor Used in EV Systems

Abstract

Recently, due to rapid growth in electric vehicle motors, used and power electronics have received a lot of concerns. 3ϕ induction motors and DC motors are two of the best and most researched electric vehicle (EV) motors. Developing countries have refined their solution with brushless DC (BLDC) motors for EVs. It is challenging to regulate the 3ϕ BLDC motor’s steady state, rising time, settling time, transient, overshoot, and other factors. The system may become unsteady, and the lifetime of the components may be shortened due to a break in control. The marine predator algorithm (MPA) is employed to propose an e-vehicle powered by the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique for photovoltaic (PV). The shortcomings of conventional MPPT techniques are addressed by the suggested approach of employing the MPA approach. As an outcome, the modeling would take less iteration to attain the initial stage, boosting the suggested system’s total performance. The PID (proportional integral derivative) is used to govern the speed of BLDC motors. The MPPT approach based on the MPA algorithm surpasses the variation in performance. In this research, the modeling of unique MPPT used in PV-based BLDC motor-driven electric vehicles is discussed. Various aspects, which are uneven sunlight, shade, and climate circumstances, play a part in the low performance in practical scenarios, highlighting the nonlinear properties of PV. The MPPT technique discussed in this paper can be used to increase total productivity and reduce the operating costs for e-vehicles based on the PV framework.

Sensorless Tracking Control Based on Sliding Mode for the “Full-Bridge Buck Inverter–DC Motor” System Fed by PV Panel

“…Furthermore, in the literature, studies have been presented where the primary power source is generated from renewable energy that feeds power electronic converters or other systems. Within these contributions, the following applications are found: power converters [72][73][74], AC motors [75,76], pumping systems [77][78][79], and electric vehicle motors [80][81][82].…”

Differential flat & PSO based photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control under partial shading condition

“…The maximum output power is obtained by controlling the output voltage of the PV cell so that it operates at that pole point, which is the principle of PV maximum power tracking. 21 The structure of the resulting single-phase PV MPPT control system is shown in Figure 4 and consists of four main parts: PV array modules consisting of PV cells connected in series and parallel to provide energy to the entire system. The controller module, based on the P-U output characteristics of the PV array, performs the MPPT control algorithm operation, and the algorithm output is used to control the duty cycle of the IGBT switches.…”

“…The maximum output power is obtained by controlling the output voltage of the PV cell so that it operates at that pole point, which is the principle of PV maximum power tracking. 21…”

Hybrid PVP/Battery/Fuel Cell Wireless Charging Station Using High-Frequency Optimized Inverter Technology for Electric Vehicles

“…Furthermore, embracing renewable energies, particularly solar power, contributes to mitigating CO2 emissions, offering both economic and environmental advantages [9][10][11]. The adoption of renewable energies also directly benefits the environment by curbing CO2 emissions and limiting pollution in air, water, and soil [12][13][14][15][16]. As the world shifts towards sustainable and efficient transportation, Electric Vehicles (EVs) emerge as a key solution to combat environmental challenges posed by traditional fossil fuelbased vehicles [17][18][19][20].…”