An Interactive Taxonomy of MR Imaging Sequences

Boyle, Gerard E; Ahern, Mary; Cooke, Jennie; Sheehy, Niall; Meaney, James

doi:10.1148/rg.e24

Cited by 31 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The class of GE MR sequences, however, proved to be well suited for fast MR imaging because of the use of lower flip angles and a gradient to generate an RF echo, rather than a 180°refocusing pulse, as is the case in SE sequences, which results in prolonged acquisition time [19]. The FISP sequence is a balanced GE sequence in which the transverse component is recycled rather than spoiled as in the FLASH2D sequence, resulting in high contrast and shorter TR for fast MR imaging allowing for a MR fluoroscopic acquisition mode with a frequency of one frame/1.2 s and near real-time MR imaging navigated puncture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time MR fluoroscopy-navigated lumbar facet joint injections: feasibility and technical properties

et al. 2008

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We prospectively evaluated the feasibility and technical properties of a dedicated interventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging protocol for near-real-time MR fluoroscopy-guided bilateral lumbar facet joint injections. A total of 44 facet joint injections were performed in 22 patients using a C-shaped open 0.2-T MR imaging system (Magnetom Concerto, Siemens Medical Solutions, Erlangen, Germany). A T1/T2-weighted fast-imaging-with-steady-precession (FISP) sequence with an end-to-end latency of 1.2 s facilitated sufficient near real-time MR imaging guidance in all cases. A T1-weighted two dimensional fast-low-angle-shot (FLASH2D) MR sequence identified final needle tip location. Different angles of the needle path had only minimal influence on the appearance of the needle artifact produced by both sequences, resulting in a symmetrical needle tip artifact. The joint cavity was successfully punctured in 79.5% (35/44) of joints, which was followed by intra-articular fluid accumulation in 75% (33/44). Inaccessible joints demonstrated a significantly (p=0.044) higher number of posterior osteophytes (66.7%, 6/9 joints) compared to accessible joints (26%, 9/35 joints). No complications occurred. Table time showed significant shortening over time with average table time of 33 (21-68.5) min. We conclude that MR fluoroscopy-navigated lumbar facet joint injections are feasible and safe.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time MR fluoroscopy-navigated lumbar facet joint injections: feasibility and technical properties

et al. 2008

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“…It can be further accelerated by the acquisition of half of the k space (HASTE sequence). These sequences have consequently a greater resistance to susceptibility and motion artefacts, since it takes one second or less to obtain each slice and one or two breath-holds for the entire acquisition [4,13]. If two breath-holds are required, a sequential acquisition should be performed to avoid misregistration artefacts [4].…”

Section: Ssfsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…If two breath-holds are required, a sequential acquisition should be performed to avoid misregistration artefacts [4]. Soft tissue detail is generally blurry and there is considerable T2 decay from the long echo train [13]. Fat saturation (FS) is not recommended for this sequence, since it obscures liver margins and reduces the already relatively low overall signal [4].…”

Section: Ssfsementioning

confidence: 99%

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Liver MRI: From basic protocol to advanced techniques

Donato

França

Candelária

et al. 2017

European Journal of Radiology

112

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A B S T R A C TLiver MR is a well-established modality with multiparametric capabilities. However, to take advantage of its full capacity, it is mandatory to master the technique and optimize imaging protocols, apply advanced imaging concepts and understand the use of different contrast media. Physiologic artefacts although inherent to upper abdominal studies can be minimized using triggering techniques and new strategies for motion control. For standardization, the liver MR protocol should include motion-resistant T2-w sequences, in-op phase GRE T1 and T2-w fast spin echo sequences with fat suppression. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is mandatory, especially for detection of sub-centimetre metastases. Contrast-enhanced MR is the cornerstone of liver MR, especially for lesion characterization. Although extracellular agents are the most extensively used contrast agents, hepatobiliary contrast media can provide an extra-layer of functional diagnostic information adding to the diagnostic value of liver MR. The use of high field strength (3T) increases SNR but is more challenging especially concerning artefact control. Quantitative MR belongs to the new and evolving field of radiomics where the use of emerging biomarkers such as perfusion or DWI can derive new information regarding disease detection, prognostication and evaluation of tumour response. This information can overcome some of the limitations of current tests, especially when using vascular disruptive agents for oncologic treatment assessment. MR is, today, a robust, mature, multiparametric imaging modality where clinical applications have greatly expanded from morphology to advanced imaging. This new concept should be acknowledged by all those involved in producing high quality, high-end liver MR studies.

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“…In this section, we will discuss two forms of MRI. The first form is gradient-recalled echo (GRE) sequence imaging, and the second is susceptibility-weighted Traumatic Brain Injury -Pathobiology, Advanced Diagnostics and Acute Managementimaging (SWI) [44]. GRE imaging methods utilize gradient fields to produce transverse magnetism and flip angles that are less than 90°.…”

Section: Radiological Findings: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Mri)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffuse Axonal Injury: A Devastating Pathology

Ordookhanian¹,

Tsai²,

Kaloostian³

et al. 2018

Traumatic Brain Injury - Pathobiology, Advanced Diagnostics and Acute Management

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) also known as intracranial injury is the result of a lesion within the brain due to an external force. Common forms of TBI result from falls, violence, and/or vehicle crashes; the classification of this pathology is dependent on the severity of the lesion as well as the mechanism of trauma to the head. One of the most common onsets of traumatic brain injuries result from mild to severe lesions to the white matter tracts of the brain called diffuse axonal injury (DAI); however, additional forms of TBI's can present in non-penetrating forms. Penetrating forms of TBI's such as trauma to the head via a foreign object do also contribute to the many millions of TBI cases per year, but we will not discuss these traumatic injuries as in depth within this chapter. The onset of diffuse axonal injury will vary on a per-patient basis from mild to severe, based on a standardized neurological examination rated on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), which indicates the severity of brain damage present. While there is a spectrum of severity for DAI patients, a concussion is typically observed within a larger majority of patients in addition to other overwhelming trauma.

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An Interactive Taxonomy of MR Imaging Sequences

Cited by 31 publications

References 2 publications

Real-time MR fluoroscopy-navigated lumbar facet joint injections: feasibility and technical properties

Real-time MR fluoroscopy-navigated lumbar facet joint injections: feasibility and technical properties

Liver MRI: From basic protocol to advanced techniques

Diffuse Axonal Injury: A Devastating Pathology

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