An interdisciplinary analysis of sex and gender in relation to the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma

Lux, Richard; Awa, Wendy L.; Walter, Ulla

doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2009.01.006

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…Regarding this, there are neither earlier reports by which to prove two sub-types of alpha adrenergic receptors in the airways smooth musculature nor are there reports on the effects of clonidine in the receptors of smooth musculature [23]. Previous researchers have shown that there are no alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the respiratory epithelia surface [18]. Recently, experiments conducted in vivo show that clonidine intermediates an inhibitory control over the activity of vagal excitation [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Existance of these receptors and their role in healthy and people ill from bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive bronchitis is not fully clarified. In the mechanism of lung obstructive diseases and bronchial asthma modulator substances, released after the inflammatory processes, have an important role, as do other substances released following the process of de-granulation of mastocyte [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adrenergic Agonist and Antagonist Action in Airways of Patients with Bronchial Asthma

Islami¹,

Krasniqi²,

Abdullahu³

2011

J Pulmonar Respirat Med

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In this study, the effect of dopamine as agonist dopaminergic receptor and alpha and beta adrenergic receptor was studied both in vivo. The effect of tolazoline as an antagonist of alpha-2 adrenergic receptor was also studied in patients with bronchial asthma and persons with increased bronchial reactibility. Parameters of the lung function are determined by body plethysmography. Raw and ITGV were registered and SRaw was calculated as well. Aerosolization is done with standard aerosolizing machines -Asema. Results gained in vivo shows that stimulation of alpha adrenergic receptor with dopamine (4 µg and 300 µg) causes significant contraction (p > 0.1) of the smooth bronchial musculature. Whereas, blockage of alpha-2 adrenergic receptor with tolazoline (20 mg by inhalator ways) does not change the bronchimotor tonus significantly (p>0.1) when compared to the stimulation of beta-2 adrenergic receptor with hexoprenaline (2 inh. x 0.2 mg) and blocker of cholinergic receptor -ipratropium (2 inh. x 1 mg). Reaction of the smooth musculature to dopamine suggests that this substance may cause constriction through alpha adrenergic receptors. Reaction may also be intermediated in indirect ways through dopaminergic receptor of the cholinergic transmission, with intracellular inhibition of the creation of cAMP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adrenergic Agonist and Antagonist Action in Airways of Patients with Bronchial Asthma

Islami¹,

Krasniqi²,

Abdullahu³

2011

J Pulmonar Respirat Med

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“…There are some anatomical differences in the upper airways between males and females [19]; therefore, pharmaceutical aerosols are more likely to deposit in the upper airways in females than in males. Furthermore, the maximal inspiratory mouth pressure is significantly lower in females than in males [2], suggesting the potential risk of local deposition of DPI in females. In this study, we confirmed that the absence of gargling or mouth washing after inhalation is a risk factor in females treated with DPI, but not pMDI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A number of recent studies have found sex and gender differences in the pathogenesis and clinical features of asthma [1,2]. Females are more likely to suffer from allergic asthma, have difficulty controlling asthma symptoms and exhibit adverse effects to drugs [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Absence of gargling affects topical adverse symptoms caused by inhaled corticosteroids in females

et al. 2013

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Objective: Topical adverse events caused by inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are suspected to be more common in females. Although gargling or mouth washing after inhalation is recommended as the gold standard for preventing adverse events due to ICS, the preventive effects of this method have not been confirmed in real-world studies. This study aimed to examine the association between gargling or mouth washing and the incidence of topical adverse symptoms in males and females in daily practice. Methods: We analyzed a subpopulation of participants in the Drug Event Monitoring (DEM) project of the Japan Pharmaceutical Association. An anonymous survey was performed in February 2010, to assess the self-perception of topical adverse symptoms during ICS use by conducting interviews of pharmacists using structured questionnaires. Results: A total of 412 males and 480 females were included. The patients used a dry-powder inhaler (DPI) (71.2%), pressurized meter-dose inhaler (pMDI) with (7.5%) or without (16.6%) a spacer or inhalation solution (4.7%) as the delivery device. Topical adverse symptoms occurring after previous prescriptions were reported by 41 (4.6%) subjects. The common symptoms were hoarseness, stomatitis and dry mouth (1.3%, 1.1% and 1.1%, respectively). In the multiple regression model, the presence of symptoms was found to be significantly associated with the absence of gargling or mouth washing after inhalation [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 3.75, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.33-10.59, p ¼ 0.012]. When stratified by gender, the absence of gargling or mouth washing was identified to be a risk factor in females only (OR: 4.32, 95%CI: 1.11-16.87, p ¼ 0.035) and not in males (OR: 3.26, 95%CI: 0.65-16.33, p ¼ 0.151). Furthermore, the association between the absence of gargling or mouth washing and the incidence of topical adverse symptoms was significant in the patients using DPI (OR: 4.85, 95%CI: 1.66-14.14, p ¼ 0.004), but not in those using the other devices. Conclusions: In this study, the absence of gargling or mouth washing after ICS use was associated with topical adverse symptoms, especially in females. To achieve good adherence to treatment and improve the quality of life, female patients with asthma should strictly practice the gargling or mouth washing method.

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Respiratory Sex Differences in Response to Smoke Exposure

Rebuli

2021

Physiology in Health and Disease

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Smoke exposure is ubiquitous throughout the world and prevalent in a variety of types including tobacco smoke, wildfire smoke, and biomass and wood smoke. These exposures have all been shown to induce deleterious effects in the respiratory tract and induce lung disease. Additionally, there is considerable epidemiological evidence of smoke exposure-induced sex-biased disease; however, there have been few investigations into mechanisms behind this sex-biased disease manifestation. This chapter will describe what is known about sex differences in smoke exposure, exposure-induced disease, and mechanisms of effects. Additionally, it will enumerate areas of critical need for future investigation to fully understand sex-specific respiratory effects of smoke exposure.

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An interdisciplinary analysis of sex and gender in relation to the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma

Cited by 11 publications

References 140 publications

Adrenergic Agonist and Antagonist Action in Airways of Patients with Bronchial Asthma

Adrenergic Agonist and Antagonist Action in Airways of Patients with Bronchial Asthma

Absence of gargling affects topical adverse symptoms caused by inhaled corticosteroids in females

Respiratory Sex Differences in Response to Smoke Exposure

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