An Interfacial Dynamic Crosslinking Approach toward Catalyst-free and Mechanically Robust Elastomeric Vitrimer with a Segregated Structure

Zhu, Yaofeng; Gao, Jingli; Zhang, Linjun; Peng, Yan; Wang, Hao; Ling, Fangwei; Huang, Guangsu; Wu, Jinrong

doi:10.1007/s10118-020-2479-6

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…12 So far, transesterification, 13–19 disulfide exchange, 20,21 boronic ester exchange, 22–25 imine metathesis, 26–29 urethane exchange 30 and so on have been used to develop various associative CANs. Developing new DCBs, 31–33 increasing the concentration of DCBs, 34 selecting suitable catalysts 15,35–37 and designing ingenious neighboring group participation 38–45 are alternative schemes to achieve high efficiency and fast dynamics of CANs. Leibler et al initially remolded epoxy networks by introducing zinc catalysts into classic thermoset epoxy resins to stimulate transesterification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of ester crosslinked rubber with high dynamic properties by increasing dynamic covalent bond density

et al. 2022

Polym. Chem.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of ester crosslinked rubber with high dynamic properties by increasing dynamic covalent bond density

et al. 2022

Polym. Chem.

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“…Recently, there are some reports that achieved preparation of polyester vitrimers with a catalyst-free trans-esterification mechanism by incorporating abundant free OH groups that served as both a reacting moiety and a catalyst. , Another design reported incorporation of tertiary amine groups into the network structure with OH and ester groups to be effective to activate the trans-esterification without addition of a catalyst. , These reports are attractive in the practical sense because catalysts used in polyester vitrimers are often toxic and would cause deterioration after repeated recycling processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dominant Factor of Bond-Exchange Rate for Catalyst-Free Polyester Vitrimers with Internal Tertiary Amine Moieties

Hayashi

2020

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Catalyst-free vitrimers have attracted attention for practical application of the vitrimer concept, which requires fundamental knowledge of physical property tuning. We prepared catalyst-free vitrimers by cross-linking amorphous polyesters bearing COOH side groups with tetraepoxy compounds bearing tertiary amines (4,4′-methylenebis(N,N-diglycidylaniline), abbreviated as Mb-epoxy). The obtained network possessed ester and OH groups, and the amino moieties worked as internal catalysts for trans-esterification-based bond exchange. The competing effect of cross-link density and concentration of amines was investigated for samples with different fractions of Mbepoxy, revealing that cross-link density, which governs chain mobility, was the dominant factor in the determination of bond-exchange rate.

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“…According to the above results, the curing rate and mechanical properties of MR y x -cured ENR are significantly higher than those of the previously reported ENR vulcanizates cured by new cross-linking methods (Figure ). − Moreover, the curing and mechanical properties of MR y x -cured ENR could be facilely regulated via changing the structure and content of the cross-linkers, which could be able to meet industrial application requirements.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green and Catalyst-Free Cross-Linking of Bio-Based Elastomers toward Robust, Reprocessable Abilities and Improved Thermal Aging Resistance Enabled by β-Hydroxyl Esters

Song

Wang

Xing

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The bio-based epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) is considered a promising platform to design and fabricate sustainable and high-performance rubber materials. The epoxide sites in the ENR chains contribute to designing a green cross-linking strategy to reduce the release of toxic volatile organic compounds and achieve the recycling of end-of-life rubbers. However, it is still challenging to achieve a catalyst-free and effective cross-linking strategy and obtain a cross-linked ENR with mechanically robust properties. Herein, a series of carboxylic acids with different chain lengths and degrees of functionality were synthesized through the catalyst-free and solvent-free alcoholysis of maleic anhydride and served as cross-linkers for ENR. We demonstrated that the increased chain lengths and degrees of functionality of carboxylic acids were conducive to increasing the rate and efficiency of the epoxy–acid cross-linking reaction and improving the mechanical properties of ENR compared with those of commercial maleic acid. Hence, ENR could be facilely and effectively cross-linked by the modified carboxylic acids without additional additives, producing β-hydroxy ester linkages. The mechanical properties of ENR/carbon black composites could be facilely adjusted via changing the structure and content of the cross-linkers. Due to the introduction of the exchangeable β-hydroxy ester linkages, the covalently cross-linked networks could be able to achieve topological rearrangements via transesterifications, thus conferring the cross-linked ENR with good reprocessability. Moreover, the carboxylic acid-cured ENR showed the improved thermal-oxidative aging resistance compared to sulfur-curd one because the formed ester cross-links are thermally stable. This work provides a catalyst-free, efficient and green cross-linking strategy for the epoxidized elastomer, which could open a broad application scenario in vitrimer-like rubbers.

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An Interfacial Dynamic Crosslinking Approach toward Catalyst-free and Mechanically Robust Elastomeric Vitrimer with a Segregated Structure

Cited by 17 publications

References 55 publications

Design of ester crosslinked rubber with high dynamic properties by increasing dynamic covalent bond density

Design of ester crosslinked rubber with high dynamic properties by increasing dynamic covalent bond density

Dominant Factor of Bond-Exchange Rate for Catalyst-Free Polyester Vitrimers with Internal Tertiary Amine Moieties

Green and Catalyst-Free Cross-Linking of Bio-Based Elastomers toward Robust, Reprocessable Abilities and Improved Thermal Aging Resistance Enabled by β-Hydroxyl Esters

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