An Interim Economic Solution to Internet Congestion

Hazlett, Denise

doi:10.1177/089443939701500206

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…These changes will include the disappearance of flat-rate pricing and the introduction of prices based on the amount of network resources you use, the priority you are willing to pay for, and the time of day you are willing to work. Hazlett (1997) describes these alternatives in detail. Forcing users to make priority and cost decisions will change our use of the Web.…”

Section: Collapse Of the Internet?mentioning

confidence: 97%

The Road Ahead

Blank

1997

Social Science Computer Review

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By simplifying communication, the Internet is causing significant, broad changes. This article describes some effects of the Internet on teaching and research: the use of Web pages in teaching, spread of remote statistical analysis, eliminating journal page constraints, and the impact on activities that benefit from debate and discussion. It describes how congestion on the Internet fosters change in pricing and priorities. The article ends by pointing out that although the technical implications of an innovation are predictable, the major social implications often do not become apparent for years.The Web, the Internet, and other aspects of electronic communications are the most important things to happen to computing in the 1990s. They are changing the way we think about computing and, many believe, they have the potential to change our society, our politics, and our culture-not to mention academic institutions and research areas.When we talk about evolution, it is useful to begin with direction. In what direction are we moving? A helpful starting point is to remember what made the Internet explode into a mass phenomenon. A common thread runs through many major changes in computing. For example, text-mode word processors like Wordstar or WordPerfect 5.1 were supplanted by WYSIWSG word processors like Microsoft Word, and command-line interfaces are being replaced by graphical interfaces. Windowing graphical interfaces, when combined with mice and menus, are generally superior because they are easier to learn and often easier to use; they require less technical computer skill to do productive substantive work. The reason can be summarized in a single word: They are simpler. The same thread runs through the Internet: Compared to gophers, FTP, file servers, or e-mail, just having a link on your desktop or in a document is a marvelous improvement. How simple to just click on a link and see all sorts of new stuff. The Web and HTML, with web browsers to tie it all together, made the Internet much easier to use-much simpler. What made the Internet take off is that the barrier to information on your desktop became much, much lower.' 1 The result of the Web breakthrough is the Internet we see today. Today the Internet is something like the early 1980s in personal computers. In the early 1980s, most people buying a personal computer did not know much about computing; they didn't know what to expect, and they were hungry for new experiences. Many people buying computers in the early 1980s AUTHOR'S NOTE: This article is condensed from a presentation for the plenary panel

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Section: Collapse Of the Internet?mentioning

confidence: 97%

The Road Ahead

Blank

1997

Social Science Computer Review

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“…The accounting issue is discussed in Hazlett's paper [45]. The dif®culties include the large traf®c volume of the current Internet, the complex routing information, and lack of measurement tools.…”

Section: Wholesale and Retail Pricingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Charging the receiver is an interesting and challenging problem [45]. In the current network, data is often sent at the request of the recipient, so it makes sense that the recipient should be charged rather than the sender.…”

Section: Charging the Receivermentioning

confidence: 99%

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A survey of pricing for integrated service networks

Chang

Petr

2001

Computer Communications

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Advances in technology have greatly increased the demand for a single integrated service network that can provide multiple service classes for different user requirements. For such a multiple-service network, congestion control is one of the key issues to be addressed. However, without an appropriate mechanism to encourage end users to use the network properly, over-utilization and congestion are unavoidable. For this problem, it is widely accepted that pricing is a proper tool to manage congestion, encourage network growth, and allocate resource to users in a fair manner. However, how to charge for the traf®c and at what price is still under study. In this paper, we ®rst brie¯y review the state of the art and technological growth of congestion control for integrated service networks (ISN). Subsequently, we present a summary of the recent developments on various pricing policies and different charging and billing schemes that have been proposed for ATM and Internet Differentiated Services. Some architecture and implementation issues are also discussed. Finally, some future trends are identi®ed. q

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“…The increase of demanding real-time traffic may seriously threaten the ability of the 'best-effort' service of the Internet to deliver acceptable levels of QoS to many users 2 . To tackle this problem, it has been suggested that traffic produced from different applications can be characterized through an associated payment 2,3,4 . For example, high-volume video may be sent as priority traffic by associating it with a high-priced stream.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<title>Case for predictable media quality in networked multimedia applications</title>

Bouch

Sasse

1999

SPIE Proceedings

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Shared networks are now able to support a wide range of applications, including real-time multimedia. This has led the networking community to consider a wider range of network Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees and pricing schemes. To date, the QoS required by networked multimedia applications has been described in terms of technical parameters. We argue that, in order to maximize the realized quality of any network, the QoS requirements of networked multimedia applications should be based on the value that users ascribe to the media quality they receive in the context of a particular task. This argument is supported with results from a set of studies in which users' perceptions of media quality was investigated for a listening task. We found that users' expectancies of quality directly influenced their ratings: low expectancies produce higher ratings for the same level of objective quality-provided that quality is predictable. In conclusion, we outline the implications of our studies for the design of networked multimedia applications and the network services that support them.

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An Interim Economic Solution to Internet Congestion

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

The Road Ahead

The Road Ahead

A survey of pricing for integrated service networks

<title>Case for predictable media quality in networked multimedia applications</title>

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