An international survey on hypoglycemia among insulin-treated type I and type II diabetes patients: Turkey cohort of the non-interventional IO HAT study

Abstract

BackgroundLimited real-world data are currently available on hypoglycemia in diabetes patients. The International Operations Hypoglycemia Assessment Tool (IO HAT) study was designed to estimate hypoglycemia in insulin-treated type I (T1DM) and type II (T2DM) diabetes mellitus patients from 9 countries. The data from Turkey cohort are presented here.MethodsA non-interventional study to determine the hypoglycemia incidence, retrospectively and prospectively, in Turkish T1DM and T2DM patients using a 2-part self-assessment questionnaire.ResultsOverall, 2348 patients were enrolled in the Turkey cohort (T1DM = 306 patients, T2DM = 2042 patients). In T1DM patients, 96.8% patients reported hypoglycemic events (Incidence rate [IR]: 68.6 events per patient-year [ppy]), prospectively, while 74.0% patients reported hypoglycemic events (IR: 51.7 events ppy), retrospectively. In T2DM patients, 95.9% patients (IR: 28.3 events ppy) reported hypoglycemic events, prospectively, while 53.6% patients (IR: 23.0 events ppy) reported hypoglycemic events, retrospectively. Nearly all patients reported hypoglycemia during the prospective period.ConclusionsThis is a first patient-reported dataset on hypoglycemia in Turkish, insulin-treated diabetes patients. A high incidence of patient-reported hypoglycemia confirms that hypoglycemia remains under-estimated. Hypoglycemia increased healthcare utilization impacting patients’ quality of life. Hypoglycemia remains a common side effect with insulin-treatment and strategies to optimize therapy and reduce hypoglycemia occurrence in diabetes patients are required.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov, NCT02306681 (Date of registration: 12 Nov 2014; retrospectively registered).Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12902-018-0238-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Self-reported hypoglycemia in adult diabetic patients in East Gojjam, Northwest Ethiopia: institution based cross-sectional study

“…The higher magnitude of hypoglycemia in this study might be due to fact that most of the diabetic patients had type 1diabetes and were on insulin. However, the finding of this study was lower than found in recent large prospective studies on self-reported incidence of hypoglycemia in diabetic patients; in which nearly all patients reported hypoglycemia during the prospective period [13, 14]. The higher frequency of hypoglycemia in prospective studies can be explained by recall bias in self-reporting hypoglycemia in retrospect.…”

“…In the study from Austria, self-reported hypoglycemia rate in type 1 respondents was four times greater than the rates reported by type 2 respondents [22]. Other studies have also shown higher frequency of hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes when compared to type 2 diabetic patients despite being on similar type of treatment [13, 14, 23].…”

“…A literature which reviewed 30 studies (11 real-world data studies and 19 randomized controlled trials) reported that higher rates of hypoglycemia were observed in real-world settings compared with clinical trial settings [8]. Recent prospective studies in European, Asian and African countries on self- reported frequencies of hypoglycemic episodes have shown that hypoglycemia was reported by nearly all of the patients [13, 14]. A review article on hypoglycemia states that the average patient suffers 2 episodes of symptomatic hypoglycemia per week and thousands of such episodes over a lifetime of diabetes [15].…”

The Relationship Between Hypoglycemic Confidence and Hypoglycemia Fear in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

“…While abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE) can be seen spontaneously, it usually develops secondary to a surgical operation such as a cesarean section (CS), hysterectomy, or laparoscopy [5][6][7].…”

Tip 2 Diyabetes Mellituslu Bireylerin Hipoglisemi Korkusunun İncelenmesi

“…Emral ve ark. (2018) ülkemizde yaptığı bir çalışmada Tip 1 diyabeti olan hastaların %74'ünün, tip 2 diyabeti olan hastaların ise %53.6'sının hipoglisemi yaşadığı belirlenmiştir (6).…”