An International Urogynecological Association (IUGA)/International Continence Society (ICS) joint report on the terminology for the conservative and nonpharmacological management of female pelvic floor dysfunction

Abstract

A consensus-based terminology report for the conservative management of female pelvic floor dysfunction has been produced, aimed at being a significant aid to clinical practice and a stimulus for research.

Erratum to: An International Urogynecological Association (IUGA) / International Continence Society (ICS) joint report on the terminology for female pelvic organ prolapse (POP)

“…Since the urethral shape is neither elliptical nor spherical, but rather an atypical geometric shape, equations should not be used [39]. 9 Figure 19 shows 3D ultrasound imaging of the urethral sphincter (iv) 3D ultrasound imaging of the levator ani trauma…”

“…Right: axial view, PB pubic bone, U urethra, V vagina, R rectum, PV pubovisceralis muscle; black line: antero-posterior diameter of the levator hiatus; white line: transverse diameter of the levator hiatus at the level of pubourethralis, white double-arrowed line: transverse diameter of the levator hiatus at the level of pubovaginalis 8 Synthetic implant such as macroplastique, are hyperechogenic whereas collagen injections are hypoechoic and can be seen as spherical structures surrounding the bladder neck. 9 The importance of precise structural assessment of the urethral sphincter using multiple axial cross-sectional areas at set distances can assist the evaluation of women with stress urinary incontinence. It has been suggested that it may predict the severity of incontinence as well as the outcome of continence surgery since a weak sphincter will have a lower volume compared to a competent/continent urethral sphincter [39].…”

“…The therapy aims at reducing POP symptoms and related bother as well as improvement of pelvic floor function. Pelvic physiotherapy covers many specialized therapies that can be used to train the pelvic floor: physical activity, cognitive behavioural therapy, bladder training, bowel habit training, muscle training (endurance, power), coordination training, biofeedback, and electrical muscle stimulation [9]. The role of continence nurses amongst other health professionals in performing some of these specialized therapies in acknowledged.…”

“…An original aim of that report [1] had been to provide a general terminology, forming a "backbone" or "core" terminology to which more specific terminologies can be attached. Reference can also be made to three other published Standardization Reports [2][3][4] and 6 joint IUGA-ICS Female Terminology Reports [5][6][7][8][9][10] subsequent to the 2010 Report [1], three published [5][6][7], three [8][9][10] advanced in development.…”

Urinary incontinence prevalence in the day-by-day life and during sports practice in volleyball athletes: a systematic review

“…Urinary incontinence (UI) is defined by the International Urogynecological Association (IUGA) and by the International Continence Society (ICS) as any involuntary loss of urine [1]. The prevalence of UI in women in general equals 7-37% [2].…”