An interpretation of glass chemistry in terms of the optical basicity concept

Duffy, J. A.; Ingram, Malcolm D.

doi:10.1016/0022-3093(76)90027-2

Cited by 782 publications

(419 citation statements)

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“…For example, the viscosity-composition isotherms have been discussed in terms of the field strength of the alkali metal ion, and it has been suggested that for a given M 2 O content the concentration of NBOs increases from Li to Cs. 9 This trend is consistent with the alkali dependence of other physical properties, [10][11][12][13][14] including sound velocities and elastic constants which decrease systematically as the alkali changes from Li to Cs. 15 Such a disagreement for the role of metal ions, resulted from parallel studies of the structure and properties of alkali borate glasses, appeared to be resolved in more recent NMR investigations of Zhong and Bray 16 and Bray.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…In addition to the strong influence of the metal oxide content, studies of physical properties of borate glasses have shown a clear dependence on the type of alkali modifier as well. This is demonstrated by viscosity, 9 absorption edge, 10 optical basicity, 11,12 glass transition temperature, and thermal-expansion coefficient 13,14 data of alkali borate glasses. It is possible that this dependence on the type of M 2 O oxide originates from structural variations, although less pronounced than those induced by the increasing M 2 O modifier content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Composition and temperature dependence of cesium-borate glasses by molecular dynamics

Vegiri

Varsamis

Kamitsos

2005

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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The structural aspects of xCs 2 O-͑1−x͒B 2 O 3 glasses have been investigated by molecular dynamics as functions of Cs 2 O content ͑x = 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4͒ and temperature ͑T = 300 and 1250 K͒. The tetrahedral ͑BØ 4 − ͒ and triangular ͑BØ 3 ,BØ 2 O − , and BØO 2 2− ͒ short-range order borate units were found to be the structure-building entities of the simulated glasses ͓Ø=bridging oxygen ͑BO͒ and O − =nonbridging oxygen ͑NBO͒ atom͔. The increase of Cs 2 O content results in the progressive increase of the NBO-containing triangle population at the expense of the BØ 4 − tetrahedral units. The same effect is caused by temperature increase at a fixed Cs 2 O content, and this was associated with the "fragile" characteristics of alkali borate glasses. A comparison of simulated Cs and Li borates showed very similar structures at x = 0.2, but dissimilar ones when the alkali content exceeds this composition. In particular, for x Ͼ 0.2 Cs borates exhibit a preference for NBO formation relative to Li borates. Differences in the microstructure of sites hosting Cs ions were found, and this permits their classification into bridging ͑b type͒ and nonbridging type ͑nb type͒ of sites. b-type sites consist exclusively of BO atoms, while both BO and NBO atoms participate in nb-type sites. These differences in Cs-site local bonding characteristics were found to be reflected on the Cs-O͑site͒ vibration frequencies. Also, the computed Cs-O vibrational responses for simulated Cs borates were found to compare well with experimental far-infrared spectra.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Composition and temperature dependence of cesium-borate glasses by molecular dynamics

Vegiri

Varsamis

Kamitsos

2005

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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“…O conceito de basicidade ótica foi desenvolvido por Duffy e Ingram (27,28) em 1970. Este conceito é caracterizado por utilizar uma escala de acidez relacionada com o O 2-.…”

Section: Basicidade óTicaunclassified

Estudo da substituição da fluorita por alumina ou sodalita e de cal por resíduo de mármore em escórias sintéticas dessulfurantes.

Grillo¹

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“…Na tentativa de ponderar esta dificuldade em dizer se determinado óxido tem comportamento ácido ou básico no sistema, foi desenvolvida a basicidade ótica por Duffy e Ingram [43], que compara a capacidade de doação de elétrons de um certo óxido em relação ao CaO. Basicamente, um íon traçador é introduzido na estrutura do óxido, produzindo um desvio na frequência da banda de absorção ultravioleta [10].…”

Section: Basicidade óTicaunclassified

“…Desenvolvido para a indústria do vidro, o caráter básico de um óxido vítreo pode ser medido experimentalmente a partir da inserção de íons de prova, como por exemplo, Pb 2+ , que provocam uma mudança de frequências no espectro ultravioleta, devido à redução no gap de energia dos subníveis 6s-6p [43].…”

Section: Basicidade óTicaunclassified

Utilização de resíduo de mármore e de óxido de boro em escórias sintéticas dessulfurantes para aços.

Coleti¹

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Este exemplar foi revisado e corrigido em relação à versão original, sob responsabilidade única do autor e com a anuência de seu orientador. A Clara pela paciência, incentivo e amor.A Escola Politécnica pela estrutura disponibilizada. VI ABSTRACTThe present market requires from steel industry better quality of steel that was produced by processes that cause less impact to the environment. Thus, this study aims to recycle the marble waste generated from the industry of ornamental rocks, which has in its composition calcium oxide (CaO) and magnesium oxide (MgO). Using this waste in the steel production process, the amount of CaO is enough to replace the lime in the slag whereas the MgO contributes to reduce the wear of the refractory material. Furthermore, it was part of this study to test the replacement of the fluorite by boron oxide as desulfurizing flux into the composition of mixtures. The marble waste was characterized using the following techniques: chemical analysis (EDXFR), particle size analysis with a light scattering method, specific surface area by BET method, Xrays diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), analysis of micro-regions by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and thermogravimetry analysis (TG) with mass spectrometer coupled (MS). In order to verify the efficiency of desulfurization, mixtures were formulated using conventional lime or marble waste, and fluorite or boron oxide. The blends were prepared using the computational thermodynamics programs, Thermo-Calc and FactSage. These mixtures were added into the molten steel under an argon atmosphere and the metallic bath stirred by a rotor of alumina at the temperature of 1600ºC. Metal Samples were removed periodically in order to verify the variation of sulfur content during the experiments. The characterization of marble waste showed in its composition the amount of 40% CaO and 14% MgO in a CaCO3 and MgCO3 carbonates forms. It was also observed a mass loss of 42.1%, in the form of CO2 at a temperature of 780 ° C. The experiments showed that the tested mixtures desulfurization efficiency was above 60%, in most cases.

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An interpretation of glass chemistry in terms of the optical basicity concept

Cited by 782 publications

References 29 publications

Composition and temperature dependence of cesium-borate glasses by molecular dynamics

Composition and temperature dependence of cesium-borate glasses by molecular dynamics

Estudo da substituição da fluorita por alumina ou sodalita e de cal por resíduo de mármore em escórias sintéticas dessulfurantes.

Utilização de resíduo de mármore e de óxido de boro em escórias sintéticas dessulfurantes para aços.

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