An Introduction to Diffusion Tensor Image Analysis

O’Donnell, Lauren J.; Westin, Carl‐Fredrik

doi:10.1016/j.nec.2010.12.004

Cited by 398 publications

(309 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…It is possible that the increase in tract numbers for smTBI may be due to the different microstructural organization and associated restriction in water flow as confirmed by the increase in FA. With increases in restricted water flow in a given voxel, the voxels may be more likely to be detected as a part of a continuous streamline, as our deterministic tractography can only represent one major fiber direction in a voxel [73]. In turn, repeated impacts could restrict the water flow even further, due to the exacerbated physiological responses associated with rmTBI [32, 50, 74] which may result in more angled fiber trajectories that fail to meet our tracking thresholds, thereby reducing both the number of tracts and mean tract lengths.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated Pediatric Concussions Evoke Long-Term Oligodendrocyte and White Matter Microstructural Dysregulation Distant from the Injury

et al. 2018

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Concussion or mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is often accompanied by long-term behavioral and neuropsychological deficits. Emerging data suggest that these deficits can be exacerbated following repeated injuries. However, despite the overwhelming prevalence of mTBI in children due to falls and sports-related activities, the effects of mTBI on white matter (WM) structure and its development in children have not been extensively examined. Moreover, the effect of repeated mTBI (rmTBI) on developing WM has not yet been studied, despite the possibility of exacerbated outcomes with repeat injuries. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the long-term effects of single (s)mTBI and rmTBI on the WM in the pediatric brain, focusing on the anterior commissure (AC), a WM structure distant to the injury site, using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). We hypothesized that smTBI and rmTBI to the developing mouse brain would lead to abnormalities in microstructural integrity and impaired oligodendrocyte (OL) development. We used a postnatal day 14 Ascl1-CreER: ccGFP mouse closed head injury (CHI) model with a bilateral repeated injury. We demonstrate that smTBI and rmTBI differentially lead to myelin-related diffusion changes in the WM and to abnormal OL development in the AC, which are accompanied by behavioral deficits 2 months after the initial injury. Our results suggest that mTBIs elicit long-term behavioral alterations and OL-associated WM dysregulation in the developing brain. These findings warrant additional research into the development of WM and OL as key components of pediatric TBI pathology and potential therapeutic targets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated Pediatric Concussions Evoke Long-Term Oligodendrocyte and White Matter Microstructural Dysregulation Distant from the Injury

et al. 2018

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“…1c), primitive neuroectodermal tumors and lymphomas [12,13]. Increases in water diffusion following tumor treatment have been shown to correlate with a positive response to therapy [14]. Some studies propose a role for diffusion metrics in differentiating radiation effects from tumor recurrence or progression by assessment of mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of enhancing regions (Fig.…”

Section: Advanced Physiologic Imaging Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1994, Basser proposed the extension of diffusion weighted imaging to the diffusion tensor in MR imaging studies for consideration of identification of white matter fiber tracts in the brain [14]. In the late 1980s when MRI first appeared, it was difficult to obtain consistent diffusion weighted imaging sequences because of motion artifacts and long image acquisition times.…”

Section: Functional Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolving role of neurological imaging in neuro-oncology

et al. 2014

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Neuroimaging has played a critical role in the management of patients with neurological disease, since the first ventriculogram was performed in 1918 by Walter Dandy (Mezger et al. Langenbecks Arch Surg 398(4):501-514, 2013). Over the last century, technology has evolved significantly, and within the last decade, the role of imaging in the management of patients with neuro-oncologic disease has shifted from a tool for gross identification of intracranial pathology, to an integral part of real-time neurological surgery. Current neurological imaging provides detailed information about anatomical structure, neurological function, and metabolic and metabolism-important characteristics that help clinicians and surgeons non-invasively manage patients with brain tumors. It is valuable to review the evolution of neurological imaging over the past several decades, focusing on its role in the management of patients with intracranial tumors. Novel neuro-imaging tools and developing technology with the potential to further transform clinical practice will be discussed, as will the key role neurological imaging plays in neurosurgical planning and intraoperative navigation. With increasingly complex imaging modalities creating growing amounts of raw data, validation of techniques, data analysis, and integrating various pieces of imaging data into individual patient management plans, remain significant challenges for clinicians. We thus suggest mechanisms that might ultimately allow for evidence based integration of imaging in the management of patients with neuro-oncologic disease.

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“…Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) provides an opportunity to study microstructural properties of WM by measuring the diffusion of water molecules within the tissue [8,9]. Typically studied DTI measures that are thought to indicate WM integrity are fractional anisotropy which in particular recognized the role of the inferior parietal region in language [21,22].…”

Section: Wm Diffusion-weighted Magnetic Resonancementioning

confidence: 99%

White matter architecture of the language network

Kljajević

2014

Translational Neuroscience

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The relevance of anatomical connectivity for understanding of the neural basis of language was recognized in the 19 th century, and yet this topic has only recently become the subject of wider research interest. In this paper, I review recent findings on white matter tracts implicated in language: the arcuate fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, extreme capsule, uncinate fasciculus, middle longitudinal fasciculus, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. The reviewed findings on these tracts were reported in studies that used a variety of methods, from post-mortem dissection and diffusion imaging to intraoperative electrostimulation with awake surgery patients. The emerging picture suggests that there is currently no consensus with regard to the exact number and identity of the tracts supporting language, their origins, trajectories, and terminations, as well as their functional interpretation.

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An Introduction to Diffusion Tensor Image Analysis

Cited by 398 publications

References 88 publications

Repeated Pediatric Concussions Evoke Long-Term Oligodendrocyte and White Matter Microstructural Dysregulation Distant from the Injury

Repeated Pediatric Concussions Evoke Long-Term Oligodendrocyte and White Matter Microstructural Dysregulation Distant from the Injury

The evolving role of neurological imaging in neuro-oncology

White matter architecture of the language network

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