An Introduction to Small Molecule Fluorescent Sensors

Adair, Liam D.; Yang, Kylie; New, Elizabeth J.

doi:10.1002/9781119749844.ch1

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 154 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…There are a number of photochemical processes that can also be manipulated to rationally design an analyte-responsive fluorescent probe . These processes include charge, energy, or proton transfer . Photoinduced electron transfer (PET) is a fluorescence quenching mechanism that is a form of charge transfer, involving the movement of an excited state electron from donor to acceptor, preventing subsequent fluorescence emission. , Another charge transfer technique, termed intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), is crucial for fluorescence in donor–acceptor type fluorophores such as coumarins, 1,8-naphthalimides and cyanines, and disruption or enhancement of ICT can therefore be harnessed for the development of metal sensors .…”

Section: Fluorescent Metal Sensors: Foundational Design Principlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Probes 10a, 12, and 14 were subsequently used to study organelle-specific changes in Fe(II) during ferroptosis, revealing that the labile iron pools in the lysosomes and endoplasmic reticulum increased in concentration, while there was no change in the mitochondria. 94 A similar N-oxide-TPP sensor P Fe(II) (15) was developed by Bhuniya and coworkers. 78 The probe 15 employed a coumarin dye as the fluorophore, but the putative subcellular mitochondrial targeting was not confirmed.…”

Section: Activity-based Fe(ii) Sensors Based On N-oxidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…527 Binding of two Co(II) ions to the sensor gives rise to fluorescence quenching. While turn-off intensity-based sensors are not ideal for biological applications, 530 the authors were able to use the sensor to observe changes in emission of the probe at the cell walls of celery, amaranth, and chive roots treated with Co(II).…”

Section: Binding-based Fluorescent Sensors For Co(ii)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A subset of these stains are fluorescent sensors (a term used interchangeably with fluorescent probes), which are responsive to an aspect of their local chemical environment, whether a specific analyte or a chemical condition such as pH or viscosity. 15 In this context, many different classes of fluorescent sensors have been reported to date, broadly defined as genetically encoded or exogenously applied. Genetically encoded sensors encompass fluorescent proteins, chemigenetic probes, DNAzymes and RNA-based sensors, and all of these types of reporters have been applied to the development of metal sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A more recent extension of this work has been the development of responsive fluorescent stains, which can be coupled to fluorescence microscopy techniques to enable cellular imaging of living cells with high spatiotemporal resolution. A subset of these stains are fluorescent sensors (a term used interchangeably with fluorescent probes), which are responsive to an aspect of their local chemical environment, whether a specific analyte or a chemical condition such as pH or viscosity . In this context, many different classes of fluorescent sensors have been reported to date, broadly defined as genetically encoded or exogenously applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probes for Binding- and Activity-Based Sensing of Redox-Active Biological Metals

Grover,

Koblova,

Pezacki

et al. 2024

Chem. Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although transition metals constitute less than 0.1% of the total mass within a human body, they have a substantial impact on fundamental biological processes across all kingdoms of life. Indeed, these nutrients play crucial roles in the physiological functions of enzymes, with the redox properties of many of these metals being essential to their activity. At the same time, imbalances in transition metal pools can be detrimental to health. Modern analytical techniques are helping to illuminate the workings of metal homeostasis at a molecular and atomic level, their spatial localization in real time, and the implications of metal dysregulation in disease pathogenesis. Fluorescence microscopy has proven to be one of the most promising non-invasive methods for studying metal pools in biological samples. The accuracy and sensitivity of bioimaging experiments are predominantly determined by the fluorescent metal-responsive sensor, highlighting the importance of rational probe design for such measurements. This review covers activity-and binding-based fluorescent metal sensors that have been applied to cellular studies. We focus on the essential redox-active metals: iron, copper, manganese, cobalt, chromium, and nickel. We aim to encourage further targeted efforts in developing innovative approaches to understanding the biological chemistry of redox-active metals. CONTENTS5908 8.2. Activity-Based Fluorescent Sensors for Ni(II) 5911 9. Outlook 5911 Author Information 5912 Corresponding Authors 5912

show abstract

Section: Fluorescent Metal Sensors: Foundational Design Principlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Activity-based Fe(ii) Sensors Based On N-oxidementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Binding-based Fluorescent Sensors For Co(ii)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probes for Binding- and Activity-Based Sensing of Redox-Active Biological Metals

Grover,

Koblova,

Pezacki

et al. 2024

Chem. Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Near-Infrared Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Detecting Endogenous Cu²⁺ in the Brain

Zhu,

Graziotto,

Cottam

et al. 2024

ACS Sens.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Copper participates in a range of critical functions in the nervous system and human brain. Disturbances in brain copper content is strongly associated with neurological diseases. For example, changes in the level and distribution of copper are reported in neuroblastoma, Alzheimer's disease, and Lewy body disorders, such as Parkinson disease and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). There is a need for more sensitive techniques to measure intracellular copper levels to have a better understanding of the role of copper homeostasis in neuronal disorders. Here, we report a reaction-based near-infrared (NIR) ratiometric fluorescent probe CyCu1 for imaging Cu 2+ in biological samples. High stability and selectivity of CyCu1 enabled the probe to be deployed as a sensor in a range of systems, including SH-SY5Y cells and neuroblastoma tumors. Furthermore, it can be used in plant cells, reporting on copper added to Arabidopsis roots. We also used CyCu1 to explore Cu 2+ levels and distribution in post-mortem brain tissues from patients with DLB. We found significant decreases in Cu 2+ content in the cytoplasm, neurons, and extraneuronal space in the degenerating substantia nigra in DLB compared with healthy age-matched control tissues. These findings enhance our understanding of Cu 2+ dysregulation in Lewy body disorders. Our probe also shows promise as a photoacoustic imaging agent, with potential for applications in bimodal imaging.

show abstract

Comparison of Synthetic Pathways for Obtaining Fluorescent Nanomaterials Based on Halloysite and Carbon Dots for Potential Biological Sensing

Massaro,

Cinà,

Cavallaro

et al. 2024

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recently, fluorescent sensors have gained considerable attention due to their high sensitivity, low cost and noninvasiveness. Among the different materials that can be used for this purpose, carbon dots (CDs) represent valuable candidates for applications in sensing. These, indeed, are easily synthesized, show high quantum yield and are highly biocompatible. However, it was pointed out that the photoluminescence properties of these nanomaterials are strictly dependent on the synthetic and purification methods adopted. The presence of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), a natural, low cost and biocompatible clay mineral, has been found to be efficient in obtaining small and highly monodispersed CDs without long and tedious purification techniques. Herein, we report the comparison of synthetic pathways for obtaining halloysite-N-doped CDs (HNTs-NCDs) that could be used in biological sensing. One was based on the synthesis of N-doped CDs by a bottom-up approach on HNTs’ surface by a MW pyrolysis process; the other one was based on the post-modification of pristine N-doped CDs with halloysite derivatives. The evaluation of the best synthetic route was performed by different physico-chemical techniques. It was found that the bottom-up approach led to the formation of N-doped CDs with different functional groups onto the HNTs’ surface. This evidence was also translated in the different fluorescence quantum yields and the existence of several functional groups in the obtained materials was investigated by potentiometric titrations. Furthermore, the ability of the synthesized nanomaterials as sensors for Fe3+ ions detection was assessed by spectroscopic measurements, and the cellular uptake was verified by confocal/fluorescence microscopies as well.

show abstract

An Introduction to Small Molecule Fluorescent Sensors

Cited by 3 publications

References 154 publications

Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probes for Binding- and Activity-Based Sensing of Redox-Active Biological Metals

Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probes for Binding- and Activity-Based Sensing of Redox-Active Biological Metals

Near-Infrared Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Detecting Endogenous Cu²⁺ in the Brain

Comparison of Synthetic Pathways for Obtaining Fluorescent Nanomaterials Based on Halloysite and Carbon Dots for Potential Biological Sensing

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

An Introduction to Small Molecule Fluorescent Sensors

Cited by 3 publications

References 154 publications

Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probes for Binding- and Activity-Based Sensing of Redox-Active Biological Metals

Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probes for Binding- and Activity-Based Sensing of Redox-Active Biological Metals

Near-Infrared Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Detecting Endogenous Cu2+ in the Brain

Comparison of Synthetic Pathways for Obtaining Fluorescent Nanomaterials Based on Halloysite and Carbon Dots for Potential Biological Sensing

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Near-Infrared Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Detecting Endogenous Cu²⁺ in the Brain