“…In HIV vaccine research, there is evidence that several prevalent paradigms have not helped the development of the field, and this may partly explain why after 25 years of intensive research efforts, it has not been possible to develop an effective vaccine using classical strategies [3][4][5][6]. One such paradigm is the assumption that HIV-1 epitopes identified by crystallography of complexes of HIV Env bound to affinity -matured neutralizing (n) Mabs are likely to be effective vaccine immunogens able to induce a protective immune response.…”