An Introduction to the Origin and Biochemistry of Microbial Halometabolites

Petty, Milton A.

doi:10.1128/mmbr.25.2.111-130.1961

Cited by 33 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…During these years, halogenated bacterial compounds were always connected with antibiotic activity, and the impression was formed that halogenated metabolites occur very infrequently in nature. Until 1960, only 29 microbial halometabolites were known with eight of bacterial origin (82). All of these halometabolites contained chlorine; however, in some cases the corresponding bromo-analogues could also be obtained by substituting chloride in the culture medium by bromide (1,23,28,93,105).…”

Section: Structural Diversity Of Bacterial Halometabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For a long time the production of halogenated metabolites by living organisms was regarded as something unusual. Until 1960, only 29 naturally produced halogenated compounds were known (82), and in 1968, organohalogens of natural origin were still thought to be present infrequently (34). However, since then over 2000 halometabolites, containing one or several halogen atoms, have been isolated from natural sources (39).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biosynthesis of Halogenated Metabolites by Bacteria

Pée

1996

Annu. Rev. Microbiol.

147

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Halogenated metabolites, originally thought to be infrequent in nature, are actually nothing unusual at all, and are produced by many different organisms, including bacteria. Whereas marine bacteria usually produce brominated compounds, terrestrial bacteria preferentially synthesize chlorometabolites, but fluoro- and iodometabolites can also be found. Haloperoxidases, enzymes capable of catalyzing the formation of carbon halogen bonds in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and halide ions (Cl-, Br- and I-) have been isolated and characterized from different bacteria. These enzymes turned out to be very unspecific and are obviously not the type of halogenating enzymes responsible for the formation of halometabolites in bacteria. A yet-unknown type of halogenating enzyme having both substrate and regio-specificity must be involved in the biosynthesis of halogenated compounds.

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Section: Structural Diversity Of Bacterial Halometabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis of Halogenated Metabolites by Bacteria

Pée

1996

Annu. Rev. Microbiol.

147

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“…In 1960, eight bacterial chlorine compounds were identified of which seven were of actinobacterial origin (Petty, 1961). Later, many more organochlorines were discovered in this class of organisms.…”

Section: Microbial Chlorinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Synthesis and Transformation of Inorganic and Organic Chlorine Compounds

et al. 2018

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Organic and inorganic chlorine compounds are formed by a broad range of natural geochemical, photochemical and biological processes. In addition, chlorine compounds are produced in large quantities for industrial, agricultural and pharmaceutical purposes, which has led to widespread environmental pollution. Abiotic transformations and microbial metabolism of inorganic and organic chlorine compounds combined with human activities constitute the chlorine cycle on Earth. Naturally occurring organochlorines compounds are synthesized and transformed by diverse groups of (micro)organisms in the presence or absence of oxygen. In turn, anthropogenic chlorine contaminants may be degraded under natural or stimulated conditions. Here, we review phylogeny, biochemistry and ecology of microorganisms mediating chlorination and dechlorination processes. In addition, the co-occurrence and potential interdependency of catabolic and anabolic transformations of natural and synthetic chlorine compounds are discussed for selected microorganisms and particular ecosystems.

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“…However, our contribution to the pool of halogenated substances, although having a major impact on the environment, should be seen against the background of natural abiotic (485) and biotic (83,84,113,135,163,255,303,385,455,560) production. Volatile halogenated organic compounds are released into seawater by temperate marine macroalgae at rates of nanograms to micrograms of each compound per gram of dry algae per day.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial dehalogenases: biochemistry, genetics, and biotechnological applications.

Fetzner

Lingens

1994

Microbiological Reviews

260

134

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hydraulic and heat transfer fluids, plasticizers, and intermediates for chemical syntheses. Because of their toxicity, bioconcentration, and persistence, the ubiquitous distribution of halogenated compounds in the biosphere has caused public concern over the possible effects on the quality of life. Concerning toxicity, an important problem is the diversity of toxic compounds and by-products in many formulations of industrial products. This problem applies to mixtures of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) or chlorinated terpenes, poly-641

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An Introduction to the Origin and Biochemistry of Microbial Halometabolites

Cited by 33 publications

References 26 publications

Biosynthesis of Halogenated Metabolites by Bacteria

Biosynthesis of Halogenated Metabolites by Bacteria

Microbial Synthesis and Transformation of Inorganic and Organic Chlorine Compounds

Bacterial dehalogenases: biochemistry, genetics, and biotechnological applications.

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