An investigation into morphological and physiological approaches to screen maize (<i>Zea mays</i>L.) hybrids for drought tolerance

Aslam, Muhammad; Zamir, Muhammad Shahid Ibni; Anjum, Shakeel Ahmad; Khan, Imran; Tanveer, Mohsin

doi:10.1556/crc.2014.0022

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Relative water contents (RWC) were determined by weighing the leaf fresh weight ( W f ), leaf dry weight ( W d ), saturated weight after 18 h floating of leaves on water ( W s ), then the leaves were oven dried at 70°C for 72 h to record the dry weight . The RWC (%) were computed as:

R W C (%) = \frac{(W_{normalf} ‐ W_{normald})}{{(W}_{normals} ‐ W_{normald})} \times 100.

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morpho‐Physiological Growth and Yield Responses of Two Contrasting Maize Cultivars to Cadmium Exposure

Anjum

Tanveer

Hussain

et al. 2015

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Increasing soil contamination by cadmium (Cd) has emerged one of the gravest threats to environmental sustainability and global food security. Maize, a major staple food, is supposed as the conspicuous source for intake of Cd by human beings. The present study investigated the morpho‐physiological growth and yield responses of two contrasting maize cultivars (Run Nong 35 and Wan Dan 13) to different Cd toxicity levels (0, 75, 150, 225, 300, and 375 μM). A considerable reduction in the growth and yield performance of both maize cultivars were noticed upon exposure to Cd stress and such a reduction governed by Cd was concentration dependent. Therefore, an increase in Cd concentration resulted in a proportional decrease in all growth (plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, and ear length) and yield attributes (number of kernels per row, number of kernels per cob, and 100‐kernel weight). Osmolytes accumulation (soluble proteins, soluble sugar, and proline contents) also varied in the response to different Cd toxicity levels and maximum values for these attributes were recorded at 375 μM Cd in both cultivars. Furthermore, pronounced reduction in gas exchange attributes (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and water use efficiency), relative water contents and chlorophyll contents were observed in Cd‐stressed plants. Cultivar variations were also apparent and Wan Dan 13 outperformed the Run Nong 35 for all studied attributes. Wan Dan 13 appeared a promising maize cultivar manifesting Cd tolerance that was related to higher osmolytes accumulation and better photosynthetic activity.

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R W C (%) = \frac{(W_{normalf} ‐ W_{normald})}{{(W}_{normals} ‐ W_{normald})} \times 100.

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morpho‐Physiological Growth and Yield Responses of Two Contrasting Maize Cultivars to Cadmium Exposure

Anjum

Tanveer

Hussain

et al. 2015

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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“…Under drought stress, plant reactions are extremely intricate and fluctuate amongst plant species and growth phases, along with water limitation durations ( Farooq et al, 2009 ; Fahad and Bano, 2012 ; Aslam et al, 2014 ; Fahad et al, 2015 ). Nevertheless, root, shoot growth attributes along with the leaf area are significantly hampered by drought stress with an ensuing decline in the growth and development of plants ( Anjum et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Nitrogen Supply on Water Stress and Recovery Mechanisms in Kentucky Bluegrass Plants

et al. 2017

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Non-irrigated crops in temperate and irrigated crops in arid regions are exposed to an incessant series of drought stress and re-watering. Hence, quick and efficient recuperation from drought stress may be amongst the key determinants of plant drought adjustment. Efficient nitrogen (N) nutrition has the capability to assuage water stress in crops by sustaining metabolic activities even at reduced tissue water potential. This study was designed to understand the potential of proper nutrition management by studying the morphological and physiological attributes, and assimilation of nitrogen in Kentucky bluegrass under drought stress. In present study, one heterogeneous habitat and four treatments homogenous habitats each with four replications were examined during field trial. Drought stress resulted in a significant reduction in the nitrogen content of both mother and first ramets, maximum radius, above and below ground mass, number of ramets per plot, leaf water contents and water potential and increased the carbon content and the C:N ratio in both homogenous and heterogeneous plots compared to well-watered and nutritional conditions. Observation using electron microscopy showed that drought stress shrunk the vessel diameter, circumference and xylem area, but increased the sieve diameter, and phloem area in the leaf crosscutting structure of Kentucky bluegrass, first, second, and third ramet leaf. Thus, it can be concluded that water stress markedly reduced all the important traits of Kentucky bluegrass, however, proper nutritional management treatment resulted in the best compensatory performance under drought assuaging its adversity up to some extent and may be considered in formulating good feasible and cost-effective practices for the environmental circumstances related to those of this study.

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“…Crop experiences drought when water transpiration rate exceeds with absorption rate or when the supply of water to the roots is interrupted. Plants respond and adapt to water stress invariably by complex mechanisms inducing various morphological, biochemical, physiological, and molecular aspects resulting in either drought avoidance or drought escape or drought tolerance and the mechanism is highly varied among the plant species [ 9 ]. Water stress results in the excessive production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed Antioxidants Interplay with Drought Stress Tolerance Indices in Chilli (Capsicum annuum L) Seedlings

Sahitya¹,

Krishna²,

Deepthi³

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

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Altering climatic conditions and water stress drastically affects the chilli crop yield. In this scenario we adapted a strategic approach for screening of elite chilli genotypes, by exploring role of seed antioxidants in stress tolerance during vegetative phase. A total of 20 chilli genotypes' seed antioxidant potential and its effect on water stress tolerance were studied at three water regimes, namely, control (100% Field Capacity), moderate (80% Field Capacity), and severe (60% Field Capacity) stress conditions. Drought tolerance traits relative water content, chlorophyll content, and activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes were measured. A strong correlation was observed between seed antioxidants and water stress tolerant traits in seedlings. Genotypes KCa-5, KCa-6, and KCa-10 showed low quantity of H2O2 and Malondialdehyde in seeds and maintained high membrane integrity and chlorophyll content in seedlings. High content of proline in KCa-5, KCa-7, and KCa-10 seeds retained high relative water content at seedling stage under severe water stress. Present work reveals genotypic differences of hot pepper to different water regimes. Based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of seed antioxidant variables and drought tolerance indices twenty genotypes segregated into three clusters, namely, drought tolerant and susceptible and moderately tolerant.

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An investigation into morphological and physiological approaches to screen maize (Zea maysL.) hybrids for drought tolerance

Cited by 27 publications

References 25 publications

Morpho‐Physiological Growth and Yield Responses of Two Contrasting Maize Cultivars to Cadmium Exposure

Morpho‐Physiological Growth and Yield Responses of Two Contrasting Maize Cultivars to Cadmium Exposure

Effects of Nitrogen Supply on Water Stress and Recovery Mechanisms in Kentucky Bluegrass Plants

Seed Antioxidants Interplay with Drought Stress Tolerance Indices in Chilli (Capsicum annuum L) Seedlings

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