An investigation into the characteristics and sources of light emission at deep-sea hydrothermal vents

White, Sheri N.

doi:10.1575/1912/4053

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…A number of these mechanisms are discussed in greater detail by Reynolds [1995] and White [2000]. Tapley et al [1999] documented chemiluminescence, the direct conversion of chemical energy to light, during sulfide oxidation in seawater.…”

Section: Light Emission and Possible Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations of ambient light emission at deep‐sea hydrothermal vents

2002

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The Ambient Light Imaging and Spectral System (ALISS) was used to image ambient light from black smokers, flange pools, and a beehive on the East Pacific Rise and the Juan de Fuca Ridge. ALISS is a low‐light digital camera with custom‐designed optics. A set of nine lenses, each covered by an individual band‐pass filter, allows an identical scene to be imaged simultaneously in nine wavelength bands spanning the range of 400–1000 nm. Thus information about both the location and the spectral character of emitting regions is obtained. The primary source of light at deep‐sea vents is thermal radiation due to the high temperature of the hydrothermal fluid. This thermal light peaks in the infrared with a tail that extends into the visible. Data suggest that flange pools have an emissivity of ∼0.9 and black smoker fluids have an emissivity of ∼0.3. Thermal radiation dominates at wavelengths >700 nm (with a photon flux that increases from ∼106photon cm−2 s−1 sr−1at 700 nm to ∼1010 photon cm−2s−1 sr−1 at 1000 nm). Temporally variable light is observed in the 400–600 nm region of the spectrum that is orders of magnitude greater than predicted for a thermal source (i.e., on the order of 104 rather than 10−2–103photons cm−2 s−1 sr−1). This light is probably caused by mechanisms associated with turbulence, mixing and precipitation, such as vapor bubble luminescence, chemiluminescence, crystalloluminescence and triboluminescence. While biological responses to vent light are not yet known, observed light levels are too low to support obligate photosynthesis.

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Section: Light Emission and Possible Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations of ambient light emission at deep‐sea hydrothermal vents

2002

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“…However, in a real deep-sea environment, the realization of the experiment would be difficult. In principal, one can sketch the following procedure [1].…”

Section: E(xt) = {1-r(\t)}mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…v) Measure the scattered light S*, as in Figure 3 and Figure 4 [1]. Obtain the estimate of emission from the amended McMahon equation…”

Section: E(xt) = {1-r(\t)}mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emissivity of Deep Sea Hydrothermal Vent Plumes

Walton¹,

Reynolds²

2000

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“…Distortion is inevitable for sampling, but in situ exploration can supply this gap [7][8][9] . We all know that the injection of hot hydrothermal fluid into cold seawater results in the precipitation of mineral and the formation of sulfide deposits [10] . If some characteristic parameters are recorded in the course of deposit, it is helpful to build the physical model of seafloor hydrothermal fluid during mineralization.…”

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Mechatronic integration and implementation of in situ multipoint temperature measurement for seafloor hydrothermal vent

Chen

Yang

et al. 2007

SCI CHINA SER E

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In order to provide firsthand reference data for model building and analysis of temperature field of seafloor hydrothermal vent, a temperature measurement system is designed, which can be used to measure the temperature of seafloor hydrothermal vent. The system can implement in situ multipoint temperature measurement and work for 15 days on the seafloor, so low power consumption design principle of the integrated circuit board is adopted. To enable the system to endure the high pressure on the seafloor, mechanical structure of the system is designed in terms of design principle of pressure container. The pressure test experiment was performed in the authoritative institution, and the results indicated that the system was safe and could work reliably on the seafloor. In the first Sino-American Joint Dive Cruise, the instruments were carried to the seafloor to work by Alvin. The experiment in the sea was successful, and the results indicated that the system could survive in the high pressure and high temperature environment and record the temperature activities of hydrothermal vents. About 710000 groups of temperature data were acquired, and these are of importance for further scientific researches.hydrothermal deposits, hydrothermal vent, temperature measurement, thermal couple On 21 April 1979 three excited voices, those of two scientists and the pilot of the submersible Alvin, ascended from the pacific seafloor to describe for the first time the astonishing spectacle of high-temperature deep-sea springs [1] . Their reports were almost unbelievable. Jets of scalding hydrothermal fluid reaching temperatures as high as 350℃ were observed spewing from the earth through mineralized chimneys towering up to 13 m above the seafloor. Clouds of effluent black

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An investigation into the characteristics and sources of light emission at deep-sea hydrothermal vents

Cited by 8 publications

References 71 publications

Investigations of ambient light emission at deep‐sea hydrothermal vents

Investigations of ambient light emission at deep‐sea hydrothermal vents

Emissivity of Deep Sea Hydrothermal Vent Plumes

Mechatronic integration and implementation of in situ multipoint temperature measurement for seafloor hydrothermal vent

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