An investigation into the psychometric properties of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in patients with breast cancer

Rodgers, Jacqui; Martin, Colin R.; Morse, Rachel; Kendell, Kate; Verrill, M.

doi:10.1186/1477-7525-3-41

Cited by 66 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…This is in line with the recommendation to use broadly based fit indices [64]. While we have not used an instrument specifically designed to test each of the models, our methodology was similar to those of reports of other anxiety-depression screening questionnaires that have been used to test the models [20,23,26,39]. The use of these screening instruments is advantageous because it assesses the robustness of the models in widely used and validated questionnaires.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…In a test of the model using other anxiety-depression screening instruments, the factors that emerged were also supportive [20,24,26,39]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although a number of studies, using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), have supported this model in 3-factor and 5-factor solutions [19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27], others have not [28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36]. The major criticism of the model is that it is not uniformly applicable to the broad category of anxiety and depressive disorders and age groups [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the tripartite model) have been investigated using anxiety-depression screening instruments (e.g. the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Beck Anxiety/Depression scales and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, DASS) [20,24,26,39]. Hence, the use of the HSCL-25 would investigate the models using a different screening questionnaire.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in a Sample of Arab College Students Using the Hopkins Symptom Checklist 25

Al-Turkait

Ohaeri²,

El-Abbasi³

et al. 2011

Psychopathology

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Background: The controversy over the relationship between symptoms of anxiety and depression is an enduring issue. Various models have been proposed to explain this relationship. We explored the following research questions. First, using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), will the symptoms that define anxiety and depression (as in the Hopkins Symptom Checklist 25, HSCL-25) appear together in 1 factor, or are they separable into the hypothesized dimensions of the disorders? Second, using confirmatory factor analysis, how will the structural integrity of the resulting factors compare with those of the various models that have been proposed to explain the relationship between the symptoms of anxiety and depression? This issue has not been investigated in an Arab setting. Method: Participants (n = 624) were Kuwaiti national college students, who completed the HSCL-25 in class. EFA was done by principal axis factoring. Seven models were generated for comparison in confirmatory factor analysis, using 8 ‘fit’ indices in Analysis of Moment Structures, version 16. Results: The 5 factors from EFA were similar in construct to the subscales of the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire, on which the tripartite model of anxiety and depression was validated (‘core anxiety’, ‘core depression’, ‘general distress mixed’, ‘general distress anxiety’, ‘general distress depression’). The hierarchical bifactor model and the dimensional model characterized by the correlation of these factors were best at meeting the fit indices, followed by the correlated 2-factor anxiety/depression model. In line with theory, the correlation between the specific anxiety/depression factors was lower than that between each of them and the general distress mixed factor; and there was no significant gender difference in the summed score for core depression. Conclusion: The findings support the impression that, although the core symptoms of anxiety are separable from the core symptoms of depression, there is an overlapping set of symptoms which contribute to the experience of comorbidity. The relationship between symptoms of anxiety and depression probably has dimensional and hierarchical elements. The findings broaden the evidence base of the cross-cultural validity of the tripartite model.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…In a test of the model using other anxiety-depression screening instruments, the factors that emerged were also supportive [20,24,26,39]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Relationship between Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in a Sample of Arab College Students Using the Hopkins Symptom Checklist 25

Al-Turkait

Ohaeri²,

El-Abbasi³

et al. 2011

Psychopathology

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“…Friedman et al (2001) also proposed a three-dimensional structure, derived from principal component analysis (using orthogonal and oblique rotations), which includes the psychomotor agitation (HADS-Anxiety Items 1, 7, and 11), psychic anxiety (HADS-Anxiety Items 3, 5, 9, and 13), ana the original HADSDepression subscales (see Table 1). The three-dimensional structures of the HADS stand out not only because of their theoretical foundation but also because in a number of confirmatory factor analyses, they meet the CFI and RMSEA criteria more so than the original two-dimensional structure and unidimensional structures (Barth & Martin, 2005;Desmond & MacLachlan, 2005;Dunbar et al, 2000;Martin et al, 2003;Rodgers et al, 2005). Some confirmatory factor analyses have suggested that Dunbar et al's model offers a superior fit to the data than Friedman et al's (2001) (Martin et al, 2003;Rodgers et al, 2005).…”

Section: Hads-totalmentioning

confidence: 92%

A Rasch analysis of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) among cancer survivors.

Lambert

Pallant

Boyes

et al. 2013

Psychological Assessment

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Results supported modified versions of the HADS-Anxiety and HADS-Depression; however, combining all items to form HADS-Total is not recommended. Numerous studies using classical test theory and Rasch analyses have corroborated the exclusion of some items (e.g., Item 7) and appropriateness of the subscales defined by a 3-dimensional structure. Further research is required to identify the incremental validity of potential revised subscales.

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Post‐traumatic stress symptoms in long‐term disease‐free cancer survivors and their family caregivers

et al. 2021

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An investigation into the psychometric properties of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in patients with breast cancer

Abstract: Background: To determine the psychometric properties of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in patients with breast cancer and determine the suitability of the instrument for use with this clinical group.

Cited by 66 publications

References 54 publications

Relationship between Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in a Sample of Arab College Students Using the Hopkins Symptom Checklist 25

Relationship between Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in a Sample of Arab College Students Using the Hopkins Symptom Checklist 25

A Rasch analysis of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) among cancer survivors.

Post‐traumatic stress symptoms in long‐term disease‐free cancer survivors and their family caregivers

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