An Investigation into the Role of Ascorbic Acid in Renal Calculogenesis in Albino Rats

Singh, P. P.; Sharma, Dinesh C; Rathore, V.; Surana, Sanidhya

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)42343-3

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Experimental studies also support this concentration [169]. Singh et al [168.] noted that even massive dose of vitamin C given for 3 months to rats did not induce any side effects nor any change in the urinary tract though oxalate excretion was high [170].In conclusion, it appears that high intake of ascorbic acid is safe but not beneficial. The daily intake of beta-carotene between 2.5 and 3 mg seems to be justified.…”

Section: (Iii) Dose Duration and Safetymentioning

confidence: 80%

Reconvene and Reconnect the Antioxidant Hypothesis in Human Health and Disease

Singh

Chandra

Mahdi

et al. 2010

Indian J Clin Biochem

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The antioxidants are essential molecules in human system but are not miracle molecules. They are neither performance enhancers nor can prevent or cure diseases when taken in excess. Their supplemental value is debateable. In fact, many high quality clinical trials on antioxidant supplement have shown no effect or adverse outcomes ranging from morbidity to all cause mortality. Several Chochrane Meta-analysis and Markov Model techniques, which are presently best available statistical models to derive conclusive answers for comparing large number of trials, support these claims. Nevertheless none of these statistical techniques are flawless. Hence, more efforts are needed to develop perfect statistical model to analyze the pooled data and further double blind, placebo controlled interventional clinical trials, which are gold standard, should be implicitly conducted to get explicit answers. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase and catalase are termed as primary antioxidants as these scavenge superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide. All these three enzymes are inducible enzymes, thereby inherently meaning that body increases or decreases their activity as per requirement. Hence there is no need to attempt to manipulate their activity nor have such efforts been clinically useful. SOD administration has been tried in some conditions especially in cancer and myocardial infarction but has largely failed, probably because SOD is a large molecule and can not cross cell membrane. The dietary antioxidants, including nutrient antioxidants are chain breaking antioxidants and in tandem with enzyme antioxidants temper the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) within physiological limits. Since body is able to regulate its own requirements of enzyme antioxidants, the diet must provide adequate quantity of non-enzymic antioxidants to meet the normal requirements and provide protection in exigent condition. So far, there is no evidence that human tissues ever experience the torrent of reactive species and that in chronic conditions with mildly enhanced generation of reactive species, the body can meet them squarely if antioxidants defense system in tissues is biochemically optimized. We are not yet certain about optimal levels of antioxidants in tissues. Two ways have been used to assess them: first by dietary intake and second by measuring plasma levels. Lately determination of plasma/serum level of antioxidants is considered better index for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. The recommended levels for vitamin A, E and C and beta carotene are 2.2-2.8 lmol/l; 27.5-30 lmol/l; 40-50 lmol/l and 0.4-0.5 lmol/l, respectively. The requirement and recommended blood levels of other dietary antioxidants are not established. The resolved issues are (1) essential to scavenge excess of radical species (2) participants in redox homeostasis (3) selective antioxidants activity against radical species (4) there is no universal antioxidant and 5) therapeutic value in case of deficiency. The overar...

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Section: (Iii) Dose Duration and Safetymentioning

confidence: 80%

Reconvene and Reconnect the Antioxidant Hypothesis in Human Health and Disease

Singh

Chandra

Mahdi

et al. 2010

Indian J Clin Biochem

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“…However, several studies have found no evidence that vitamin C actually increases the risk of kidney stone formation [86][87][88][89][90][91].…”

Section: Health Effects Of Vitamin C Supplementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The health effects of vitamin C supplementation: a review.

Bendich¹,

Langseth²

1995

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

127

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A comprehensive review of the literature indicates that populations with long-term consumption of higher than RDA levels of vitamin C (> or = 60 mg/day) from foods and/or supplements have reduced risks of cancer at several sites, cardiovascular disease, and cataracts. The safety of higher than RDA intakes of vitamin C is confirmed in eight placebo-controlled, double-blind studies and six non-placebo clinical trials in which up to 10,000 mg of vitamin C was consumed daily for up to 3 years. There are no clinical data which suggest that vitamin C's enhancement of non-heme iron absorption in individuals with low iron status could be a critical factor in the possible increased risk of heterozygous hemochromatosis-related cardiovascular disease. In fact, the cumulative data do not confirm that iron status is related to risk of cardiovascular disease. Moreover, higher than RDA intakes of vitamin C have been associated with several indices of lowered cardiovascular disease risk including increases in HDL, and decreases in LDL oxidation, blood pressure and cardiovascular mortality.

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“…Use of hemiacidrin has been proposed as an alternative to surgery in the treatment of infection-associated stone disease [1,2]. The uric acid stones can be dissolved with medical therapy and diet modifications such as allopurinol, excessive fluid intake and sodium bicarbonate [3], In experimental studies methylene blue, L ascorbic acid and safranin 0 have been found to inhibit calcium oxalithiasis formation; Riet et al [4], Singh et al [5], Albright et al [6] and Suby and Albright [7] reported in the early 20th century that solution G, which is a buff ered mixture of citric acid, magnesium oxide and so dium bicarbonate, was effective in dissolving some phosphatic calculi.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Various Acidic and Alkaline Solutions Used to Dissolve Urinary Calculi on the Rabbit Urothelium

Dönmez¹,

Erol²,

Gürer³

et al. 1990

Urol Int

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It is well known that infection-induced stones (apatite, struvite), uric acid and cystine calculi in the urinary tract can be managed by the use of certain chemical solutions. We investigated the effects of various acidic and alkaline solutions on the rabbit urothelium. Acidic solutions (pH: 4.2) caused more urothelial injury as compared to alkaline solutions (pH: 7.6). Ureteral injury was more severe than the bladder injury. Magnesium-containing solutions caused less injury to the urothelium.

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An Investigation into the Role of Ascorbic Acid in Renal Calculogenesis in Albino Rats

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Reconvene and Reconnect the Antioxidant Hypothesis in Human Health and Disease

Reconvene and Reconnect the Antioxidant Hypothesis in Human Health and Disease

The health effects of vitamin C supplementation: a review.

Effects of Various Acidic and Alkaline Solutions Used to Dissolve Urinary Calculi on the Rabbit Urothelium

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