The
anhydrous solvent-free mechanochemical reaction of sulfathiazole,
STZ, polymorphs I, III, and V with 10 carboxylic acids was monitored
by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), attenuated total reflectance infrared
(ATR-IR), and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. A 1:1 cocrystal was
observed with glutaric acid and the strongest acid, oxalic acid, gave
a 1:1 salt. A principal components analysis of the glutaric acid NIR
data showed that forms I and V proceeded to the cocrystal, but that
form III transformed to form IV before cocrystal formation. The oxalic
acid salt was formed via complete amorphization. The crystal structures
of the cocrystal and the salt were determined. Sulfathiazole comilled
with l-tartaric and citric acids gave coamorphous systems
that were stable at 10% RH for up to 28 days. Comilling sulfathiazole
with dl-malic acid gave mixtures of form V and the amorphous
form.