“…Acculturation was measured by each respondent's ability to speak Korean, existence of Korean friends, involvement in social activities, self-identity, and utilization and preference for Korean mass media. These items came from the existing acculturation literature (Bojanic and Xu, 2006;Jun and Park, 2000;Jang et al, 2006;Kim and Sim, 2001;Laroche et al, 1996Laroche et al, , 1997Lee, 2001;Suinn et al, 1987). For uncertainty avoidance, measurement items were adopted from Jung and Kellaris (2004), not from Hofstede (1980), although it is more widely known and has been adopted by many studies in the past.…”