An Investigation of Fe2O3 Nanoparticles Diffusion into Oil for Heat Transfer Optimisation on Electromagnetic Heating for Well Stimulation and EOR

Abstract

The use of iron oxide nanoparticles in electromagnetic heating application has been proven through several investigations to increase the electromagnetic absorption properties of reservoir, then, significantly increase the generated temperature. A factor that affects the temperature build-up is nanoparticles transport mechanism. When the nanoparticles carrier fluid is in contact with oil, it is possible for mass transfer to occur. Thus, nanoparticles can diffuse from its carrier fluid to oil in the reservoir. This mechanism is advantageous in increasing the oil temperature because it reduces the heat loss. In this study, we investigate the diffusion mechanism of iron oxide nanoparticles from brine to oil. We used 1% NaCl solution as the brine and nanoparticles carrier. The experiments are done with variation of the type of oil, nanoparticles concentration and sonication time. Heavy and asphaltic oil creates barrier for nanoparticles to diffuse, therefore, diffusion of nanoparticles from brine to oil is very small. Increase in nanoparticles concentration and sonication time provides more driving force for nanoparticles to move to oil. However, it is not always as ideal as those conditions, interaction among nanoparticles, such as aggregation creates various unpredictable results in the experiments.

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