An Investigation of Formation Damage Characteristics of Xanthan Gum Solutions Used for Drilling, Drill-In, Spacer Fluids, and Coiled Tubing Applications

Khan, Rafid; Kuru, Ergün; Trembla, B.; Saasen, Arild

doi:10.2118/2003-067

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Results of similar analyses conducted by using Xanthan Gum solutions were presented earlier 5 . A comparison of the results of PHPA tests with the ones from Xanthan Gum tests 5 are also provided in this paper.…”

Section: Extensional Viscositysupporting

confidence: 55%

“…The flow tests were conducted by injecting PHPA (this study) and XG (Khan et al 5 ) solutions through the core. After a flow test was completed, the core was flushed with water for about 24 hours.…”

Section: Formation Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the viscosifiers and fluid loss control additives are not selected properly, both mechanisms may lead to significant reduction of permeability. 1,5 One of the most common features associated with the flow of viscoelastic fluids in packed beds is that, much higher pressure losses are observed than that can be attributed to the shear flow of these fluids in the porous media. Such excessive pressure losses for viscoelastic fluids are well documented in the literature for a variety of aqueous polymer solutions and polymer melts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been recognized that the excess pressure drop may be due to the substantial extensional component present in this flow configuration. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Durst et al 8 , for example, suggested that as much as 75 % of the pressure losses in the formation may result from extensional viscosity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Investigation of the Extensional Viscosity of Polymer Based Fluids as a Possible Mechanism of Internal Cake Formation

Khan¹,

Kuru²,

Tremblay³

et al. 2004

Proceedings of SPE International Symposium and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control

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TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractFormation of internal cake due to the invasion of reservoir rock by drilling, completion, and fracturing fluids is known to be one of the major causes of productivity reduction. Although the causes of internal cake formation are relatively well identified, the actual physical mechanisms involved in internal cake formation are yet to be understood. In particular, a quantitative means of relating physical properties of fluids to the degree of productivity reduction are not well established. A detailed investigation on the role of the rheology of viscoelastic fluids on the formation of "internal filter cakes" is, therefore, needed.The extensional viscosity for pure liquids without any structure is 3 times the shear viscosity. For these liquids, contribution of the extensional viscosity to the pressure loss is, therefore, constant and often neglected. However, for viscoelastic fluids, such as polymer based drilling and completion fluids, the extensional viscosity may be several orders of magnitude larger than the shear viscosity. This will lead to a significant increase in pressure loss, which is very often attributed to the development of internal cake.A series of core flow experiments have been conducted to investigate the possible relationship among the polymer concentration, fluid extensional viscosity, shear viscosity, filtration loss characteristics, and pressure drop across the core samples and hence, any change in the original rock permeability.Results of extensional and shear viscosity measurements, API filtration loss tests, and formation damage tests conducted by using two different Partially Hydrolized Polyacrylamide (PHPA) solutions ( 1.5 and 3.0 lb/bbl) are shown in this paper.Comparison of the PHPA test results with the previously published Xanthan Gum (XG) test results are also provided.

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Section: Extensional Viscositysupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Formation Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Investigation of the Extensional Viscosity of Polymer Based Fluids as a Possible Mechanism of Internal Cake Formation

Khan¹,

Kuru²,

Tremblay³

et al. 2004

Proceedings of SPE International Symposium and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control

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“…The excess pressure drop may be due to the substantial extensional component present in this flow configuration (Khan et al, 2003;Durst et al, 1987;Jones and Walters, 1989;Saasen et al, 1990;Navarrete et al, 2000). Naverrete and Mitchell (1995) suggested that for the XG solutions, the flow was dominated by the shear viscosity, whereas for the PHPA solutions the flow was dominated by the extensional viscosity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Extensional Viscosity of Polymer Based Fluids as a Possible Cause of Internal Cake Formation

Khan

Kuru

Tremblay³

et al. 2007

Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmenta

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In this study, the effect of the rheology of viscoelastic fluids on the formation of internal filter cakes has been investigated. A series of core flow experiments have been conducted to investigate the possible relationship among the polymer concentration, fluid extensional viscosity, shear viscosity, filtration loss characteristics, and pressure drop across the core samples, and hence, any change in the original rock permeability. Results of extensional and shear viscosity measurements, API filtration loss tests, and formation damage tests conducted by using three different partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA) solutions (0.5, 1.5, and 3.0 lb/bbl) are shown. Comparison of the PHPA test results with the previously published xanthan gum (XG) test results is also provided.

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Physicochemical Interactions of Source Rocks with Injected Water-Based Fluids

Abdulsattar

Agim

Lane

et al. 2015

SPE International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry

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Water-based fracturing fluids contain polymers to function either as fluid viscosifiers or friction-reduction agents. Whereas much work has been done on optimizing these functions, little or no published work focuses on their chemical interactions with the rock they are targeting. Co-polymers of polyacrylamide are used in slick-water fracturing, while Guar gum or one of its derivatives is used as a base for linear or cross-linked gels.This thesis reports studies on the adsorption behavior of some, primarily, guar-based polymers onto the surface of source rock outcrop samples in order to provide a better picture of the interactions of polymers with these rocks. Outcrop samples from the Barnett, Eagle Ford, and Marcellus were collected, analyzed for mineralogy and total organic carbon, and then exposed to different polymer solutions under elevated temperature and moderately elevated pressure. Viscosities of these polymer solutions were measured before and after exposing them to the rock in order to establish a correlation between polymer adsorption and the rock mineralogy and organic content. Results indicate that there is a significant correlation between the adsorption behavior of the polymer and the rock mineralogy and its organic carbon. Polymer adsorption is in agreement with cation exchange mechanisms as described in earlier work. Cationic polymers are more prone to be adsorbed on the surface of the rock than non-ionic polymers. The importance of polymer adsorption has not yet been determined. It is speculated that due to viscosity reduction resulting from polymer adsorption, wellbore clean-up could be enhanced through the use of this property. It could also have detrimental impacts on hydrocarbon iii production. This work also shows that oxidizing breakers might be spent on removing the organic content of the rock rather than being spent on breaking cross-linked gels, especially in rocks with high organic content. The results from this work point out that fluid-rock interactions are significant, and that further research regarding source-rock polymer interactions and its effects on hydrocarbon production is needed.iv DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my parents, friends, and all those who helped me through thick and thin for the past 26 ½ years.This thesis is also dedicated to my dog Luke, whose loving memory will always be beside me.This thesis is also dedicated to my dog Slash, who is a good boy. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincere gratitude to both my advisers, Dr. Robert Lane and Dr. Berna Hascakir. Without their constant support, endless revisions of this document, and direction to use specific scientific tools, this work would not have existed.Special thanks are also given to members of the Crisman Institute, whom without their generous funding, this project would not have existed.

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An Investigation of Formation Damage Characteristics of Xanthan Gum Solutions Used for Drilling, Drill-In, Spacer Fluids, and Coiled Tubing Applications

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

An Investigation of the Extensional Viscosity of Polymer Based Fluids as a Possible Mechanism of Internal Cake Formation

An Investigation of the Extensional Viscosity of Polymer Based Fluids as a Possible Mechanism of Internal Cake Formation

Extensional Viscosity of Polymer Based Fluids as a Possible Cause of Internal Cake Formation

Physicochemical Interactions of Source Rocks with Injected Water-Based Fluids

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