An investigation of Leishmania spp. in Didelphis spp. from urban and peri-urban areas in Bauru (São Paulo, Brazil)

Santiago, Maria Emília Bodini; Vasconcelos, Rosemeri de Oliveira; Fattori, Karina Reinaldo; Munari, Danísio Prado; Michelin, Aparecida de Fátima; Lima, Valéria Marçal Felix de

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.09.026

Cited by 52 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…Most cases (90%) of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in humans occur in the rural or suburban areas of five countries, including Brazil (Desjeux, 2004). In Brazil, as in other countries in South America, migration into urban areas contributed to the expansion of VL (Desjeux, 2004) and this expansion occurred especially in the northeastern (DantasTorres, 2006) and southeastern regions (Santiago et al, 2007). Besides the high incidence and broader distribution that the expansion itself represents, the spread into new areas also carries the threat that severe and lethal forms of the disease may emerge when associated with malnutrition (Gontijo and Melo, 2004) and HIV/AIDS infection (Ashford, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-10 and parasite density in spleen and liver ofL. (L.) chagasinaturally infected dogs

Michelin

Perri

Lima

2011

Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology

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Dogs are the main domestic reservoirs of L. (L.) chagasi. Once in the vertebrate host, the parasite can cause visceral leishmaniasis, which can also be transmitted to humans. Cytokines are key elements of the host immune response against Leishmania spp. To investigate whether tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 are associated with pattern infection in dogs, these cytokines were quantified in the spleen and liver of dogs naturally infected with L. (L.) chagasi, with or without clinical manifestations, and their levels were correlated with the parasite load verified in these organs. A total of 40 adult dogs naturally infected with L. (L.) chagasi were assessed, together with 12 uninfected control dogs. Samples from spleen and liver were used to determine the cytokine levels by capture ELISA and for quantifying parasite load by real-time PCR. Statistical analysis was performed using the minimum Chi square method and group means were compared using the Tukey test. TNF-a, IL-4 and IL-10 levels in infected dogs were higher than in control groups; the liver was the main cytokine-producing organ during infection. The level of splenic TNF-a showed correlation with parasite load and may represent an important marker for infection process evolution, with the participation of IL-10. These results may contribute to a clearer understanding of the immune response in dogs infected with L. (L.) chagasi, which may lead to the development of prophylactic or preventive measures for these animals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-10 and parasite density in spleen and liver ofL. (L.) chagasinaturally infected dogs

Michelin

Perri

Lima

2011

Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology

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“…infection in opossums has been detected by PCR in 91.6% of 112 sampled Didelphis spp. from São Paulo State, and, among these, 71% had anti-Leishmania antibodies (Santiago et al 2007). In a similar study performed in Minas Gerais, five of 20 Didelphis marsupialis were PCR positive for Leishmania sp., and 24 out of 111 were positive by IFAT (Schallig et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role of these species as reservoirs is unclear, but some species are susceptible to clinical development of the disease (Luppi et al 2008, Malta et al 2010. Furthermore, L. infantum has been detected in other groups of wild mammals that are present in urban areas in Brazil, including rodents (Oliveira et al 2005) and marsupials (Schallig et al 2007, Santiago et al, 2007 that may also function as potential reservoirs. Leishmaniasis affecting zoo and wildlife has been recently reviewed (Souza et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Leishmania infantum infection by Polymerase Chain Reaction in wild mammals

et al. 2014

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 34(12):1243-1246, dezembro 2014 1243 RESUMO.-[Diagnóstico de infecção por Leishmania infantum pela reação em cadeia da polimerase em mamíferos silvestres.] A leishmaniose visceral é uma doença infecciosa crônica de mamíferos causada, no Brasil, pelo protozoário Leishmania infantum (sinonímia: Leishmania chagasi) e transmitida pelo flebótomo Lutzomyia longipalpis. Trata-se de uma zoonose endêmica em muitas regiões do Brasil, inclusive em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Em centros urbanos, leishmaniose visceral acomete principalmente o cão doméstico. Entretanto, L. infantum já foi diagnosticada em outras espécies, incluindo canídeos e primatas de cativeiro em zoológicos. Este estudo buscou avaliar a presença do DNA deste agente em animais de cativeiro e de vida livre da Fundação Zoobotânica de Belo Horizonte através da reação em cadeia da polimerase. Foram analisadas oitenta e uma amostras de sangue oriundas de primatas, carnívoros, ruminantes, edentatos, marsupial e herbívoro de estômago simples. Três primatas Alouatta guariba (bugio marrom) e dois canídeos Speothos venaticus (cachorro--do-mato-vinagre), foram positivos, demonstrando a importância do controle da leishmaniose em áreas endêmicas com a finalidade de conservar a fauna silvestre mantida em cativeiro.

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“…Previous studies showed that the presence of opossum (Didelphis marsupialis) was an important risk factor for the transmission of leishmaniasis, since opossum populations usually have high infection rates in urban endemic area, suggesting that this species may act as a natural link between domestic and sylvatic Leishmania life cycles, especially because opossums and dogs can inhabit the same environment [37,38]. Moreover, opossum infection by L. infantum chagasi has been associated with human VL in some areas [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of Leishmania Infantum Chagasi in Wild and Domestic Animals in Urban Area and Atlantic Rainforest Fragment in Northeast, Brazil

Costa¹,

Ferreira²,

Fournier³

et al. 2014

J Biodivers Biopros Dev

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Objective: Survey of Leishmania infantum chagasi in domestic and wild mammals in urban area and a Biological Reserve in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.Methods: Domestic and wild mammals were captured in Brazilian northeast Atlantic Rainforest, Rio Grande do Norte state. Serological and parasitological studies were conducted; Leishmania isolates were positioned in phylogeny based on small subunit rDNA (SSU rDNA) and glycosomal-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gGAPDH) gene sequences.Results: Blood samples were collected from 138 wild and domestic mammals, comprising 66 dogs, 52 cats and 20 marsupials. Antibodies were found in 27 dogs (40.91%), two cats (3.85%) and one Didelphis albiventris (5%). The cultures of popliteal lymph node aspirates were positive in nine dogs (13.64%) and from seven (10.61%) the parasite was isolated and cryopreserved. All isolates were positioned in phylogeny based on SSU rDNA and gGAPDH in the same branch with L. infantum chagasi. Conclusions:The proximity of the forest fragment with humans and their domestic animals provide interference in the health of wild animals. Measures to control the population of feral cats and environmental conservation should be implemented due the importance of visceral leishmaniasis.

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An investigation of Leishmania spp. in Didelphis spp. from urban and peri-urban areas in Bauru (São Paulo, Brazil)

Cited by 52 publications

References 37 publications

Evaluation of TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-10 and parasite density in spleen and liver ofL. (L.) chagasinaturally infected dogs

Evaluation of TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-10 and parasite density in spleen and liver ofL. (L.) chagasinaturally infected dogs

Diagnosis of Leishmania infantum infection by Polymerase Chain Reaction in wild mammals

Survey of Leishmania Infantum Chagasi in Wild and Domestic Animals in Urban Area and Atlantic Rainforest Fragment in Northeast, Brazil

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