An investigation of rain and wind effects on thermal stability of large-area saltpan solar ponds

Punyasena, M. A.; Amarasekara, Chandranath; Jayakody, J.R.P.; Perera, P.A.A.; Ehamparam, P

doi:10.1016/s0038-092x(03)00227-5

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…On the other hand, rains add fresh water to the upper convective zone helping to strengthen the function of the middle non-convective zone, and hence increasing the effectiveness of collecting solar energy in the bottom region. The results of studies on rain and wind effects on the stability of large-area salt-pan solar ponds confirm that the stability is strengthened when the natural rain but no winds are present at the pond site 11 . As the generation of wind induced waves is minimal due to the small size of this model solar pond, more stable configuration than large area ponds is expected.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Optimization of thermal insulation of a small-scale experimental solar pond

et al. 2012

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A small-scale experimental salinity-gradient solar pond, which will be utilized for the research and development in harnessing solar energy for desalination of seawater and generation of electricity, has been constructed. The pond has effective length, width and depth of 3.0 m, 2.0 m and 2.0 m, respectively, covering a volume capacity of 12.0 m 3 . Thermal insulation plays a major role for the successful operation of a salinity-gradient solar pond, especially when the dimensions of the pond are relatively small. The construction details of the solar pond, with particular attention to the methodologies adapted for the thermal insulation, are reported in the present work. The expected total rate of heat loss due to conduction through the thermally insulated boundary walls, assuming a bottom temperature of 90 ºC, has been calculated and found to be 106.3 W. Contribution from the bottom convective zone itself to this total rate of heat loss is 69 W, which corresponds to 65% of the total value. Based on this rate, the estimated temperature drop during the period with no solar radiation present in a typical day is only 0.3 ºC. With such a small temperature drop, it is possible to extract the thermal energy stored in the bottom convective zone during the day time, continuously, while maintaining the stability of the solar pond.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Optimization of thermal insulation of a small-scale experimental solar pond

et al. 2012

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“…This layer grows at expense of the NCZ thickness, which reduces the conductive insulation hence increasing the heat losses to the atmosphere. 34 About one third of the total solar radiation incident on the surface of the pond is absorbed by this layer and then lost to the atmosphere, which further reduces the collecting efficiency of the solar pond. 35 When the remnant energy is stored in the LCZ, part of it is scattered or lost through walls and bottom, but if they are adequately insulated, then the heat is lost mostly by conduction through the NCZ.…”

Section: Layers Thicknessesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of solar pond for water preheating used in the copper cathodes washing at a mining operation at Sierra Gorda, Chile

Garrido

Vergara

2013

Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy

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The Chilean copper industry is increasingly dependent on coal-generated electricity and diesel fuel for high altitude mining operations. The associated greenhouse gas emission expansion needs to be moderated, moving away from polluting imported energy sources. As an option, solar thermal energy is breaking through in mining processes, and several companies plan to evaluate the application of ponds among potential technologies. In this work, we propose the studied the performance of solar ponds to preheat water to wash the copper cathodes in a mine located in Sierra Gorda aiming to reduce fuel consumption and combustion emissions. The outcome was a dual array of solar ponds with an effective collecting area of 23 240 m 2 and a 1.8 m thick density gradient to prevent heat convection. The ponds could deliver up to 12 300 MW h/year on site, reducing the annual diesel demand by 77% with a collecting efficiency of 24%, avoiding 3300 tonnes of CO 2 , thus reducing the cost of the thermal kilowatt-hour by 37%. Future work may include the construction of an instrumented pilot pond and three-dimensional modeling. V C 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.

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“…The phase equilibria in this system have not been reported in the literature, but the phase equilibria of its subsystems LiCl− LiBO There was no solid solution, and double salts were found in the above systems. The temperature at the nonconvecting zone in the deep solar pond (salt gradient pond) ranged from 313.15 to 373.15 K. 13 To economically exploit the brine and salt deposit minerals, it is important to adopt natural resources such as the energy of sun resource for the solar pond technique. In this work, the phase equilibria in the quaternary system LiCl−LiBO 2 −Li �in the borate solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was no solid solution, and double salts were found in the above systems. The temperature at the nonconvecting zone in the deep solar pond (salt gradient pond) ranged from 313.15 to 373.15 K . To economically exploit the brine and salt deposit minerals, it is important to adopt natural resources such as the energy of sun resource for the solar pond technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria and Boron Species Distribution in the Quaternary System LiCl–LiBO₂–Li₂B₄O₇–H₂O at T = 323.15 K and P = 0.1 MPa

Zhang

Zhuang

et al. 2022

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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The solubilities of salts, refractive indices, and pH values of the equilibrium liquid phases in the quaternary system LiCl−LiBO 2 −Li 2 B 4 O 7 −H 2 O at 323.15 K were investigated by the isothermal dissolution method for the first time. The dry-salt diagram of the quaternary system consisted of one invariant point, three univariant curves and three crystallization fields corresponding to LiCl•H 2 O, LiBO 2 •2H 2 O, and Li 2 B 4 O 7 •3H 2 O. The solution refractive indices and pH values change regularly with the changing of concentration. Combining the equilibrium constants for different boron species, the distributions of six boron species in the mixed solution in the systems LiCl

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An investigation of rain and wind effects on thermal stability of large-area saltpan solar ponds

Cited by 21 publications

References 11 publications

Optimization of thermal insulation of a small-scale experimental solar pond

Optimization of thermal insulation of a small-scale experimental solar pond

Design of solar pond for water preheating used in the copper cathodes washing at a mining operation at Sierra Gorda, Chile

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria and Boron Species Distribution in the Quaternary System LiCl–LiBO₂–Li₂B₄O₇–H₂O at T = 323.15 K and P = 0.1 MPa

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An investigation of rain and wind effects on thermal stability of large-area saltpan solar ponds

Cited by 21 publications

References 11 publications

Optimization of thermal insulation of a small-scale experimental solar pond

Optimization of thermal insulation of a small-scale experimental solar pond

Design of solar pond for water preheating used in the copper cathodes washing at a mining operation at Sierra Gorda, Chile

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria and Boron Species Distribution in the Quaternary System LiCl–LiBO2–Li2B4O7–H2O at T = 323.15 K and P = 0.1 MPa

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Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibria and Boron Species Distribution in the Quaternary System LiCl–LiBO₂–Li₂B₄O₇–H₂O at T = 323.15 K and P = 0.1 MPa