An investigation of real world control of robotic assets under communication latency

Luck, Jason; McDermott, Patricia L.; Allender, Laurel; Russell, Deborah C.

doi:10.1145/1121241.1121277

Cited by 57 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Operators needed to focus much of their visual attention on driving the robotic asset instead of using it for scanning and looking for targets. These findings are consistent with Luck, Allender, and Russell (2006) and Dixon et al (2003) that robotic operators demonstrated higher situational awareness when the robot's level of automation was higher. Luck et al suggested that the attention on (manual) robotic control might have distracted the operators from focusing on the vehicle's location, which was the study's measure of situational awareness.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Human–Robot Interaction in the Context of Simulated Route Reconnaissance Missions

Chen

Durlach

Sloan

et al. 2008

Military Psychology

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The goal of this research was to examine the ways in which human operators interact with simulated semiautonomous unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), semiautonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and teleoperated UGVs (Teleop). Robotic operators performed parallel route reconnaissance missions with each platform alone and with all three platforms. When given all three platforms, participants failed to detect more targets than when given only the UAV or UGV; they were also less likely to complete their mission in the allotted time. Target detection during missions was the poorest with the Teleop alone, likely because of the demands of remote driving. Spatial ability was found to be a good predictor of target-detection performance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Human–Robot Interaction in the Context of Simulated Route Reconnaissance Missions

Chen

Durlach

Sloan

et al. 2008

Military Psychology

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“…Auditory presentation of information can be combined with ongoing visual tasks (Helleberg et al 2003), and these improvements can be particularly important when dealing with multiple UVs, provided that they do not interfere with other auditory warnings (Donmez et al 2009). However, combining the control of a UV with other tasks can impair performance on target detection Wickens 2003, Chen 2008) and reduce situation awareness (Luck et al 2006). Draper et al (2003) compared speech and manual data entry when participants had to manually control a UV and found speech yielded less interference with the manual control task than manual data entry.…”

Section: Multimodal Interaction With Uvsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal control of sensors on multiple simulated unmanned vehicles

et al. 2011

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The use of multimodal (speech plus manual) control of the sensors on combinations of one, two, three or five simulated unmanned vehicles (UVs) is explored. Novice controllers of simulated UVs complete a series of target checking tasks. Two experiments compare speech and gamepad control for one, two, three or five UVs in a simulated environment. Increasing the number of UVs has an impact on subjective rating of workload (measured by NASA-Task Load Index), particularly when moving from one to three UVs. Objective measures of performance showed that the participants tended to issue fewer commands as the number of vehicles increased (when using the gamepad control), but, while performance with a single UV was superior to that of multiple UVs, there was little difference across two, three or five UVs. Participants with low spatial ability (measured by the Object Perspectives Test) showed an increase in time to respond to warnings when controlling five UVs. Combining speech with gamepad control of sensors on UVs leads to superior performance on a secondary (respond-to-warnings) task (implying a reduction in demand) and use of fewer commands on primary (move-sensors and classify-target) tasks (implying more efficient operation). STATEMENT OF RELEVANCE: Benefits of multimodal control for unmanned vehicles are demonstrated. When controlling sensors on multiple UVs, participants with low spatial orientation scores have problems. It is proposed that the findings of these studies have implications for selection of UV operators and suggests that future UV workstations could benefit from multimodal control.

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“…Chen et al suggested that maybe participants' teleoperation (i.e., driving the robot) negatively affected their target detection performance. Similarly, Luck, Allender, and Russell (2006) reported that situational awareness of UGV operators was better when the UGV had a higher level of automation. Luck et al suggested that the attention on (manual) robotics control might have distracted the operators from focusing on the vehicle's location, which was the study's measure of situational awareness.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Concurrent Performance of Gunner's and Robotics Operator's Tasks in a Multitasking Environment

Chen

Joyner

2009

Military Psychology

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In this study, we simulated a generic mounted crew station environment and conducted an experiment to examine the workload and performance of the combined position of gunner and robotics operator. Results showed that participants' gunnery task performances degraded significantly when he had to concurrently monitor, manage, or teleoperate an unmanned ground vehicle compared to the gunnery single task condition. For the robotics tasks, participants had the lowest performance when using the semi-autonomous robot, indicating overreliance on the aided target recognition capabilities available when task load was heavy (i.e., concurrent performance of the gunnery task). Participants' perceived workload increased consistently as the concurrent task conditions became more challenging. Individual difference factors such as spatial ability and perceived attentional control were found to correlate significantly with some of the performance measures. Implications for military personnel selection were discussed.The goal of this research was to examine whether gunners in a Future Combat System (FCS) vehicle such as the Mounted Combat System (MCS) were able to effectively maintain local security (i.e., perform their gunner's tasks) while managing unmanned assets. The current FCS concept for the MCS is that it will be operated MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY,

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An investigation of real world control of robotic assets under communication latency

Cited by 57 publications

References 5 publications

Human–Robot Interaction in the Context of Simulated Route Reconnaissance Missions

Human–Robot Interaction in the Context of Simulated Route Reconnaissance Missions

Multimodal control of sensors on multiple simulated unmanned vehicles

Concurrent Performance of Gunner's and Robotics Operator's Tasks in a Multitasking Environment

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