An investigation of stigma in individuals receiving treatment for substance abuse

Luoma, Jason B.; Twohig, Michael P.; Waltz, Thomas J.; Hayes, Steven C.; Roget, Nancy; Padilla, Michelle; Fisher, Gary L.

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2006.09.008

Cited by 444 publications

(413 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…31 In a study of stigma of drug use treatment, injection drug users, as compared to noninjectors, reported greater levels of drug treatment stigma. 32 Stigma is a multifaceted construct involving prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination and can be experiences as enacted, anticipated, and internalized. Phelan et al 33 have proposed that there are three functions of stigma and prejudice: (1) exploitation/domination, (2) enforcement of social norms, and (3) avoidance of disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Drug User Stigma and Depression among Inner-City Drug Users in Baltimore, MD

et al. 2012

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There is growing awareness of the role of stigma and discrimination in HIV prevention, testing, and medical care. Yet, few studies have examined the stigma associated with using illicit drugs. In the present study, we examined the relationship between social network characteristics, drug user stigma, and depression. Study participants were comprised of 340 individuals who reported cocaine, crack, and/or heroin use in the prior 6 months and were involved in an HIV prevention study. They were recruited through street outreach, referrals, and word of mouth in inner-city Baltimore, MD, USA. The stigma scale was comprised of eight items, such as "how much do you feel ashamed of using drugs?" Depression was assessed with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, using cutoffs of 16 and 20 or greater. In the bivariate analyses, gender, homelessness in the past 6 months, drug user stigma, larger size of drug network, and current use of heroin, cocaine, and crack were all significantly associated with high levels of depression, whereas in the multivariate analyses, only drug user stigma remained significantly associated with depression. The results of this study suggest that drug treatment providers and other professionals who provide services to drug users should consider developing trainings to address drug user stigma. These programs should focus on the attitudes and behaviors of health and service providers toward drug users, among drug users themselves, and among family members and others who provide social support to drug users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Drug User Stigma and Depression among Inner-City Drug Users in Baltimore, MD

et al. 2012

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“…Acceptance (30) is theorised to address the shame and stigma inherent in problematic substance use (31,3). Acceptance involves an individual consciously acknowledging a current or past experience without any judgement or attempts to change it; allowing the experience to be exactly as it is or was (32).…”

Section: Acceptance and Self-forgivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Forgiveness, Shame, and Guilt in Recovery from Drug and Alcohol Problems

2013

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Background: People with drug and/or alcohol problems often experience feelings of shame and guilt, which have been associated with poorer recovery. Self-forgiveness has the potential to reduce these negative experiences. Methods: The current study tested theorized mediators (acceptance, conciliatory behavior, empathy) of the relationships between shame and guilt with self-forgiveness. A cross-sectional sample of 133 individuals (74.4% male) receiving residential treatment for substance abuse completed self-report measures of shame, guilt, self-forgiveness, and the mediators. Results: Consistent with previous research, guilt had a positive association with self-forgiveness, whereas shame was negatively associated with self-forgiveness. Acceptance mediated the guilt and self-forgiveness relationship and had an indirect effect on the shame and self-forgiveness relationship. Conclusions: These findings emphasize the importance of targeting acceptance when trying to reduce the effects of shame and guilt on self-forgiveness. (61) 2 4221 4708, fax (61) 2 4221

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“…Perceived stigma refers to beliefs that members of a stigmatized group have about the prevalence of stigmatising attitudes in society towards them. Self-stigma refers to negative thoughts and feelings that emerge from identification with a stigmatised group and the consequences derived from that (Luoma et al 2007). ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on the perception of the stigma related to drug use in a sample of Italians and Belgians

Torres

Paniccia²,

Battista³

et al. 2015

PSYE

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ABSTRACT:The goal of the present study has been to exploratorily analyse the possible differences in perceived stigma on drug use between a sample of students and health services workers from Italy and Belgium. The Perceived Stigma of Addiction Scale (PSAS) (Luoma, Hair, kohlenberg, Hayes, and Fletcher, 2010) was used. A total of 277 participants took part in this study. Outcomes showed that the perceived stigma among Italians was signifi-cantly higher (M = 23.68) than that reported by Belgians (M = 20.26). Authors argued that many factors (e.g., social, cultural, etc.) may explain the differences obtained. On the other hand, the existence of a stigma circuit (Scioli and Paniccia), which would share some similarities with the anxiety circuit, seems to trap the person in a vicious cycle of events that would make the relapse from addiction harder. The limitations and scope of the obtained results in the frame of this ex-ploratory study is discussed. Keywords: drug abuse, stigma circuit, transcultural comparison, perceived stigma.Un estudio sobre la percepción del estigma asociado al consumo de drogas en una muestra de italianos y no italianos RESUMEN: El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido analizar de manera exploratoria las posibles diferencias en el estigma percibido asociado al consumo de drogas entre una muestra de estudiantes y trabajadores de los servicios de salud procedentes de Italia y Bélgica. Para este propósito, se utilizó el Perceived Stigma of Addiction Scale (PSAS) (Luoma, Hair, kohlenberg, Hayes, y Fletcher, 2010). Un total de 277 participantes tomaron parte en este estudio. Los resultados mostraron que el estigma percibido entre los italianos fue significativamente mayor (M = 23.68) que el informado por la muestra de Bélgica (M = 20.26). Los autores argumentan que varios factores (e.g., sociales, culturales, etc.) explicarían las diferencias obtenidas. Por otro lado, la existencia de un circuito del estigma (Scioli y Paniccia), el cual compartiría ciertas similitudes con el circuito de la ansiedad, parece atrapar a la persona en un círculo vicioso de eventos que haría más difícil la recuperación de la adicción. Se discuten las limitaciones y el alcance de los resultados obtenidos en el marco del presente estudio exploratorio. Palabras clave: abuso de drogas, circuito del estigma, comparación transcultural, estigma percibido.

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An investigation of stigma in individuals receiving treatment for substance abuse

Cited by 444 publications

References 33 publications

The Relationship between Drug User Stigma and Depression among Inner-City Drug Users in Baltimore, MD

The Relationship between Drug User Stigma and Depression among Inner-City Drug Users in Baltimore, MD

Self-Forgiveness, Shame, and Guilt in Recovery from Drug and Alcohol Problems

A study on the perception of the stigma related to drug use in a sample of Italians and Belgians

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