An investigation of temperament endophenotype candidates for early emergence of the core cognitive component of eating disorders

Wilksch, Simon; Wade, Tracey

doi:10.1017/s0033291708004261

Cited by 33 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The three waves of data from the current study are from female twin adolescents as shown in Figure 1, where the participants and methodology of ascertainment for this sample have been previously described (Wade, Byrne, & Bryant-Waugh, 2008;Wilksch & Wade, 2010;Wilksch & Wade, 2009a).…”

Section: Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A study of changes in genetic and environmental influences on weight and shape concern across adolescence.

Wade

Hansell

Crosby

et al. 2013

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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The goal of the current study was to examine whether genetic and environmental influences on an important risk factor for disordered eating, weight and shape concern, remained stable over adolescence. This stability was assessed in 2 ways: whether new sources of latent variance were introduced over development and whether the magnitude of variance contributing to the risk factor changed. We examined an 8-item WSC subscale derived from the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) using telephone interviews with female adolescents. From 3 waves of data collected from female–female same-sex twin pairs from the Australian Twin Registry, a subset of the data (which included 351 pairs at Wave 1) was used to examine 3 age cohorts: 12 to 13, 13 to 15, and 14 to 16 years. The best-fitting model contained genetic and environmental influences, both shared and nonshared. Biometric model fitting indicated that nonshared environmental influences were largely specific to each age cohort, and results suggested that latent shared environmental and genetic influences that were influential at 12 to 13 years continued to contribute to subsequent age cohorts, with independent sources of both emerging at ages 13 to 15. The magnitude of all 3 latent influences could be constrained to be the same across adolescence. Ages 13 to 15 were indicated as a time of risk for the development of high levels of WSC, given that most specific environmental risk factors were significant at this time (e.g., peer teasing about weight, adverse life events), and indications of the emergence of new sources of latent genetic and environmental variance over this period.

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Section: Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The EDE was modified slightly for use with a younger population as described in detail previously (Wade et al, 2008;Wilksch & Wade, 2010;Wilksch & Wade, 2009a), and included questions that form four sub-scales: dietary restraint, and eating, shape and weight concern over the last 28 days.…”

Section: Weight and Shape Concernmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of changes in genetic and environmental influences on weight and shape concern across adolescence.

Wade

Hansell

Crosby

et al. 2013

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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“…Longitudinal study Eating disorders The most significant time of risk for the development of high levels of weight and shape concern was 13-15 years of age (Wade et al, 2008;Wilksch & Wade, 2009. Oral health/dentistry Environmental and epigenetics factors likely play a role in the timing of tooth emergence and bacterial colonization (Bockmann et al, 2011).…”

Section: Smoking and Bone Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Australian Twin Registry: 30 Years of Progress

et al. 2012

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The Australian Twin Registry (ATR) is a national volunteer resource of twin pairs and higher-order multiples willing to consider participating in health, medical, and scientific research. The vision of the ATR is 'to realize the full potential of research involving twins to improve the health and well-being of all Australians'. The ATR has been funded continuously by the National Health and Medical Council for more than 30 years. Its core functions entail the recruitment and retention of twin members, the maintenance of an up-to-date database containing members' contact details and baseline information, and the promotion and provision of open access to researchers from all institutes in Australia, and their collaborators, in a fair and equitable manner. The ATR is administered by The University of Melbourne, which acts as custodian. Since the late 1970s the ATR has enrolled more than 40,000 twin pairs of all zygosities and facilitated more than 500 studies that have produced at least 700 peer-reviewed publications from classical twin studies, co-twin control studies, within-pair comparisons, twin family studies, longitudinal twin studies, randomized controlled trials, and epigenetics studies, as well as studies of issues specific to twins. New initiatives include: a Health and Life Style Questionnaire; data collection, management, and archiving using a secure online software program (The Ark); and the International Network of Twin Registries. The ATR's expertise and 30 years of experience in providing services to national and international twin studies has made it an important resource for research across a broad range of disciplines.

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“…These clinical markers should include, as far as possible, heritable traits (endophenotypes) and other biological parameters. So far, efforts to isolate specific biological markers of eating disorders have only partially succeeded [2][3][4][5][6][7] and usually they have been linked to specific clinical profiles [2,[5][6][7] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiological and Psychopathological Variables Related to Emotional Instability: A Study of Their Capability to Discriminate Patients with Bulimia Nervosa from Healthy Controls

et al. 2011

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Objective: To analyze the capability of a set of neurobiological and psychopathological variables to discriminate bulimia nervosa (BN) patients from healthy controls. Method: Seventy-five female patients with purging BN and 30 healthy controls were compared for psychopathology (impulsivity, borderline personality traits, depressive symptoms and self-defeating personality traits) and neurobiological parameters reflecting hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity (morning serum cortisol before and after dexamethasone) and monoamine activity (24-hour urinary excretion of norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine, and their main metabolites: 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and homovanillic acid). Furthermore, the relationships between the 2 sets of variables were compared in the 2 samples. Results: BN patients displayed higher impulsivity, more severe depressive features, and more borderline and self-defeating personality traits than controls. The 4 psychopathological variables were strongly interrelated in patients, whereas only depressive features correlated with self-defeating personality traits in controls. Patients had lower 24-hour excretion of serotonin and dopamine than controls, as well as lower ability to suppress cortisol. The relations between the biochemical and the psychopathological variables were only significant in the BN patients, but not in the control group. When discriminant analysis methods were applied, patients and controls differed for psychopathology (impulsive behaviors and borderline personality traits) and biological parameters (baseline cortisol and dopamine excretion), but when the variables were analyzed together, the differences in neurobiological parameters appeared as mediated by the psychopathological status. Discussion: Our results suggest that hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity, dopamine activity and other biological parameters are worthy of further study as potential dimensional markers of BN, although they seem to depend on the psychopathological status of the patients, in such a way that the psychopathological items associated with emotional instability (impulsivity and borderline personality traits) seem to be more reliable as clinical markers at the time being.

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An investigation of temperament endophenotype candidates for early emergence of the core cognitive component of eating disorders

Cited by 33 publications

References 46 publications

A study of changes in genetic and environmental influences on weight and shape concern across adolescence.

A study of changes in genetic and environmental influences on weight and shape concern across adolescence.

Australian Twin Registry: 30 Years of Progress

Neurobiological and Psychopathological Variables Related to Emotional Instability: A Study of Their Capability to Discriminate Patients with Bulimia Nervosa from Healthy Controls

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