An investigation of the effect of chlorinated solvents on surface characteristics of S‐65 beryllium

Abstract

Samples of S‐65 beryllium were vapour degreased using six chlorinated solvents and analysed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Exposure to the solvent vapour is believed to result in the formation of inorganic chloride at the metal surface, which can act as a corrosion precursor. Exposure to chloroform, tetrachloroethene, pentachlorobenzene and chlorobenzene resulted in the greatest amounts of beryllium chloride formation (>0.8 at.%), while exposure to dichloromethane and 1,1‐dichloroethene produced the least (<0.5 at.%). Mechanical abrasion of the metal surface while submerged in chloroform resulted in a significant increase in inorganic chloride at the beryllium surface. Rinsing of the samples with distilled water, after exposure to solvent vapours, significantly decreased the amount of organic and inorganic chlorine on the samples but did not result in complete removal of these species. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

High-Throughput 2D Heteroatom Graphene Bioelectronic Nanosculpture: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study

“…The spectrum for the Cl_2p orbital [Figure b­(i)] is deconvoluted into three peaks at the binding energy (BE) (1) 201.94 eV, (2) 200.24 eV, and (3) 198.43 eV. The peaks at BE 201.94 and 200.24 eV (1 and 2) correspond to covalent C–Cl bonds, the Cl_2p peak at BE 198.43 eV is attributed to Cl – inorganic chloride; in the present study, this could indicate an edge attached chlorine to which the hydrogen atom is attached. The BE range for the C_1s orbital is presented in Figure b­(ii), and the spectrum is also deconvoluted into seven peaks [Figure b­(ii)], (1–7).…”

Characterization of Carbide Particles in S-65 Beryllium by Scanning Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy

“…Beryllium, like aluminum, is passivated by a native oxide layer ∼3 nm thick, 1 resulting in a susceptibility to localized corrosion in the form of pitting. [2][3][4] The initiation of pitting corrosion is believed to be associated with second phase particles of mixed size and composition.…”

“…With the carbides reacting with moisture in the environment to form beryllium oxide/hydroxide as well as methane gas as indicated in Equations 1 and 2. 2 Be 2 C + 2H 2 O → 2BeO + CH 4 [1] Be 2 C + 4H 2 O → 2Be(OH) 2 + CH 4 [2] The hydrated beryllium oxides occupy a volume approximately four times greater than that of the carbide resulting in the formation of large blisters on the beryllium surface around the carbide. This can cause precision components to be scrapped because of the disruption to their finely prepared surface.…”