An investigation of the glycosaminoglycan contribution to biaxial mechanical behaviours of porcine atrioventricular heart valve leaflets

Ross, Colton J.; Laurence, Devin W.; Richardson, Jacob; Babu, Anju R.; Evans, Lauren E; Beyer, Ean G; Childers, Rachel C.; Wu, Yi; Towner, Rheal A.; Fung, Kar‐Ming; Mir, Arshid; Burkhart, Harold M.; Holzapfel, Gerhard; Lee, Chung‐Hao

doi:10.1098/rsif.2019.0069

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…In other words, the marginal chordae had the largest GAG concentrations, and the smallest relaxation behaviors, whereas the strut chordae had the greatest relaxation behavior, but the lowest GAG contents. In previous studies of the valve leaflets, in contrast, fewer GAG contents corresponded to less stress relaxation [63,64]. The differences in the trends between the relaxation behaviors and the GAG contents may be due to the GAGs serving different roles in the mechanical behaviors for the leaflets or the chordae.…”

Section: Stress-relaxation Testing Of the Chordae Tendineaementioning

confidence: 80%

Mechanics and Microstructure of the Atrioventricular Heart Valve Chordae Tendineae: A Review

Ross

Zheng

et al. 2020

Bioengineering

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The atrioventricular heart valves (AHVs) are responsible for directing unidirectional blood flow through the heart by properly opening and closing the valve leaflets, which are supported in their function by the chordae tendineae and the papillary muscles. Specifically, the chordae tendineae are critical to distributing forces during systolic closure from the leaflets to the papillary muscles, preventing leaflet prolapse and consequent regurgitation. Current therapies for chordae failure have issues of disease recurrence or suboptimal treatment outcomes. To improve those therapies, researchers have sought to better understand the mechanics and microstructure of the chordae tendineae of the AHVs. The intricate structures of the chordae tendineae have become of increasing interest in recent literature, and there are several key findings that have not been comprehensively summarized in one review. Therefore, in this review paper, we will provide a summary of the current state of biomechanical and microstructural characterizations of the chordae tendineae, and also discuss perspectives for future studies that will aid in a better understanding of the tissue mechanics–microstructure linking of the AHVs’ chordae tendineae, and thereby improve the therapeutics for heart valve diseases caused by chordae failures.

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Section: Stress-relaxation Testing Of the Chordae Tendineaementioning

confidence: 80%

Mechanics and Microstructure of the Atrioventricular Heart Valve Chordae Tendineae: A Review

Ross

Zheng

et al. 2020

Bioengineering

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“…In this problem, the constitutive equations and material microstructure are both unknown, and the dataset has unavoidable measurement noise. To generate the data, we firstly followed the established biaxial testing procedure, including acquisition of a healthy porcine heart and retrieval of the TVAL [59,60]. Then, we sectioned the leaflet tissue and applied a speckling pattern to the tissue surface using an airbrush and black paint [61][62][63].…”

Section: Appendix a Proof Of Theoremmentioning

confidence: 99%

MetaNO: How to Transfer Your Knowledge on Learning Hidden Physics

Zhang¹,

You²,

Gao³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Gradient-based meta-learning methods have primarily been applied to classical machine learning tasks such as image classification. Recently, PDE-solving deep learning methods, such as neural operators, are starting to make an important impact on learning and predicting the response of a complex physical system directly from observational data. Since the data acquisition in this context is commonly challenging and costly, the call of utilization and transfer of existing knowledge to new and unseen physical systems is even more acute.Herein, we propose a novel meta-learning approach for neural operators, which can be seen as transferring the knowledge of solution operators between governing (unknown) PDEs with varying parameter fields. Our approach is a provably universal solution operator for multiple PDE solving tasks, with a key theoretical observation that underlying parameter fields can be captured in the first layer of neural operator models, in contrast to typical final-layer transfer in existing meta-learning methods. As applications, we demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed approach on PDE-based datasets and a real-world material modeling problem, illustrating that our method can handle complex and nonlinear physical response learning tasks while greatly improving the sampling efficiency in unseen tasks.

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“…The aligned elastic fibers in the belly region contribute to the bending performance of the leaflet. This elastic network cooperates with GAGs -which is hydrophilic and readily absorb water to swell and from a gel 38 -to function as buffering and lubricant between the outer two layers.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in biomaterials for heart valve replacement: Structure, function, and biomimetic design

Shao

Tao

et al. 2021

VIEW

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Heart diseases caused by structure and function degradation is troubling millions of people all over the world. With the extension of human lifespan, the demand for heart valve replacement is rapidly increasing. However, the currently used prostheses of heart valve in clinic such as mechanical and tissue valves all have serious limitations over long-term stability after implanting. Therefore, novel artificial heart valves with outstanding durability and low degradation risk are still in great demands, despite of numerous studies in the literature. The sophisticated, multiscale structure of native heart valve is believed to be the key to its mechanical and biological durability during long-term cyclic motion. In this review, we discussed the complex structure of the native heart valve as well as their contributions to the valve's cyclic work. In addition, representative and state of the art studies of biomimetic heart valves inspired by the natural valve are also introduced. Based on these, the structural and functional design of future novel biomimetic heart valves are proposed.

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An investigation of the glycosaminoglycan contribution to biaxial mechanical behaviours of porcine atrioventricular heart valve leaflets

Cited by 17 publications

References 60 publications

Mechanics and Microstructure of the Atrioventricular Heart Valve Chordae Tendineae: A Review

Mechanics and Microstructure of the Atrioventricular Heart Valve Chordae Tendineae: A Review

MetaNO: How to Transfer Your Knowledge on Learning Hidden Physics

Recent progress in biomaterials for heart valve replacement: Structure, function, and biomimetic design

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