An Investigation on the Electrochemical Behavior and Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of Nickel Trithiocyanurate Complexes

Abstract

The electrochemical redox behavior of three trinuclear Ni(II) complexes [Ni3(abb)3(H2O)3(µ-ttc)](ClO4)3 (1), [Ni3(tebb)3(H2O)3(µ-ttc)](ClO4)3·H2O (2), and [Ni3(pmdien)3(µ-ttc)](ClO4)3 (3), where abb = 1-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-N-(1H-benzimidazol-2-ylmethyl)methan-amine, ttcH3 = trithiocyanuric acid, tebb = 2-[2-[2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethylsulfanyl]ethyl]-1H-benzimidazole, and pmdien = N,N,N′,N″,N″-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine is reported. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was applied for the study of the electrochemical behavior of these compounds. The results confirmed the presence of ttc and nickel in oxidation state +2 in the synthesized complexes. Moreover, the antibacterial properties and cytotoxic activity of complex 3 was investigated. All the complexes show antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli to different extents. The cytotoxic activity of complex 3 and ttcNa3 were studied on G-361, HOS, K-562, and MCF7 cancer cell lines. It was found out that complex 3 possesses the cytotoxic activity against the tested cell lines, whereas ttcNa3 did not show any cytotoxic activity.

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“…They further studied the electrochemical redox behaviour of the three trinuclear Ni (II) complexes which was studied using cyclic voltammetry. This study revealed that the nickel was on the +2oxidation state for all the complexes and showed the presence of ttc [74]. Islam et al (2015) reported a simple yet potentially important nickel metal complex.…”

“…The other complex [Ni(sulfisoxazole)2(H2O)4] •2H2O showed similar activity to its ligand sulfisoxazole against S. aureus and E. coli were synthesized, characterized and examined for antibacterial and cytotoxic properties. The three complexes showed some antibacterial properties towards S. aureus and E. coli [74]. However, there was better activity towards Gram-negative bacteria than the Gram-positive bacteria.…”

“…However, there was better activity towards Gram-negative bacteria than the Gram-positive bacteria. The abb ligand together with its complex had the best antibacterial activity [74]. Due to the [Ni3(pmdien)3(µ-ttc)](ClO4)3 having better bioactivity, they further tested for its cytotoxic activity together with its ligand ttcNa3 on the cancer cell lines G-361, HOS, K-562, and MCF7.…”

Novel Semiconductor Cu(C3H3N3S3)3/ZnTiO3/TiO2 for the Photoinactivation of E. coli and S. aureus under Solar Light

“…Finally, in this study, the Cu-TTC complex showed slight antibacterial activity for both E. coli and S. aureus under the tested conditions. According to the literature, the TTC ligand can induce antibacterial properties, not dependent on light, in transition metal coordination complexes [ 66 ].…”

“…These activities, as well as the extensive cell wall alterations, are mainly promoted by the efficient photogeneration of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is the most important factor supporting the high biocidal performance of the photocatalytic nanomaterials [ 67 , 68 ]. In addition to anatase, other titanium-based photocatalytic materials, including rutile [ 69 ], and zinc titanate (ZnTiO 3 ) [ 14 ], as well as trithiocyanuric acid (TTCA)-based coordination complexes [ 66 ] and Cu(I) compounds [ 4 ], have shown high efficacy against clinically relevant pathogens. Therefore, it is suggested that Cu-TTC, ZnTiO 3 , and TiO 2 would be contributing with their individual electrochemical properties (see Table 1 ) to the overall efficiency of the Cu-TTC/ZTO/TO composite, allowing to obtain a coupled semiconductor, active under solar light, with low recombination capacity of e − /h + pairs, high interfacial charge transfer capacity, and a great capacity for ROS generation for effective bacterial photoinactivation.…”