An investigation on the kinetics of direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells

Cai, Weizi; Liu, Jiang; Xie, Yongmin; Xiao, Jie; Liu, Meilin

doi:10.1007/s10008-016-3216-5

Cited by 38 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Third, a silver paste was used to paint silver grids, as current collector, on the anode and cathode, respectively. Silver‐GDC was chosen as anode and cathode material for the DC‐SOFCs because of the excellent electronic conductivity and stability of Ag, the high O 2− conductivity and CO oxidation catalytic effect of GDC, and simplification of the fabricating process …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the reaction product of reaction , CO 2 would diffuse to and react with the solid carbon to produce more CO . In this way, C is continuously delivered from the solid carbon to the anode to maintain the electrochemical reaction for generating electricity . In other words, CO and CO 2 are vehicles for delivering solid carbon fuel to the DC‐SOFC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this way, C is continuously delivered from the solid carbon to the anode to maintain the electrochemical reaction for generating electricity. 18,19 In other words, CO and CO 2 are vehicles for delivering solid carbon fuel to the DC-SOFC. Therefore, it is not necessary for carbon particles to have a physical or chemical contact with the anode of the cell, which is the most significant difference and advantage to other kinds of DC fuel cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell fueled with char from wheat straw

Cai

Liu

et al. 2018

Int J Energy Res

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Summary Direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell (DC‐SOFC) is a promising technology for electricity generation from biomass with high conversion efficiency and low pollution. Biochar derived from wheat straw is utilized as the fuel of a DC‐SOFC, with cermet of silver and gadolinium‐doped ceria as the material of both cathode and anode and yttrium stabilized zirconia as electrolyte. The output performance of a DC‐SOFC operated on pure wheat straw is 197 mW cm−2 at 800°C and increases to 258 mW cm−2 when 5% of Ca, as a catalyst of the Boudouard reaction, is loaded on the wheat straw char. Higher power and fuel conversion utilization are achieved by using Ca as the Boudouard reaction catalyst. X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive spectrometer, and programmed‐temperature gravimetric experiment are applied to characterize the leaf char. It turns out that the wheat straw char is with porous structure and composed of C, K, Mg, Cl, Fe, and Ca elements. The effects of the Ca catalyst on the Boudouard reaction, the performance of the DC‐SOFCs operated on the wheat straw char, and the economic advantages of the wheat straw char are demonstrated and analyzed in detail.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell fueled with char from wheat straw

Cai

Liu

et al. 2018

Int J Energy Res

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“…However, the efficient mass transfer of solid carbon in the solid anode is the major challenge that DC‐SOFCs must face . A series of investigations have essentially revealed that the anode processes of DC‐SOFCs are the coupling of the reverse Boudouard reaction (R1, Figure ) and the electrochemical oxidation of CO (R2, Figure ) . In fact, the anode processes are kinetically controlled ones .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even the operation of DC‐SOFCs is in a steady state, still no thermodynamic equilibrium could arrive . A detailed kinetic study on the anode processes has revealed that only when the reaction rates of R1 and R2, ie, r 1 and r 2 , satisfy the relationship

\frac{1}{2} r_{1} \leq r_{2} \leq r_{1}

can the fuel cell run steadily . In the CO‐CO 2 cyclic system shown in Figure , the reverse Boudouard reaction is usually the control process of this system .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A steel slag–derived Boudouard reaction catalyst for improved performance of direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells

et al. 2019

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Summary Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can directly utilize solid carbon as fuel by integrating with the reverse Boudouard reaction in the anode chamber. Efficiency of the Boudouard gasification of solid carbon fuel is one of the crucial factors influencing the performance of direct carbon SOFCs (DC‐SOFCs). In this paper, a novel Boudouard reaction catalyst derived from steel slag was first introduced into DC‐SOFCs for improving the electrochemical performance. The catalytic activity of the steel slag was activated using the molten alkali method to decompose the inert mineral phases of the raw material. The steel slag–derived catalyst was loaded on the activated charcoal by a wet ball milling method. This kind of catalyst can match up to the readily available solid carbon fuels in cost. Promoted by this highly active Boudouard reaction catalyst, the initial Boudouard gasification temperature of the carbon fuel decreased by 99°C, and the producing rate of carbon monoxide doubled. Furthermore, the power outputs of the fuel cells increased from 91 to 159 mW cm−2, and the fuel utilization increased from 17.10% to 46.43% at 825°C. This study demonstrates that the steel slag–derived catalyst is a promising material for the performance improvement of DC‐SOFCs and may make a valuable contribution to their commercial application.

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Solid oxide fuel cell using agroforestry waste as fuel: A balance between power output and fuel utilization

Liu

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2022

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) has the potential to convert biomass to electrical power cleanly and efficiently by integrating with in situ gasification of biomass. It is necessary to keep a balance between maximizing the power output of fuel cells and minimizing the pretreatment of biomass. Herein, we report the comparison of output performance between the apple tree branches (ATB) dried at 110 C and the one pyrolyzed at 500 C in SOFCs. The results show that the peak power densities (PPD) of SOFCs operated at 850 C were 157 and 238 mW cm À2 for the dried and the pyrolyzed samples, respectively. And the corresponding apparent fuel utilizations for them were 18.1% and 24.6%, respectively. However, if counting the pyrolysis yield ($28 wt%), the overall fuel utilization of the pyrolyzed sample declined from 24.6% to $6.9%. In addition, if loading the steel slag (SS)-based catalyst catalyst to the dried sample, its PPD at 850 C were almost doubled to 303 mW cm À2 , but the fuel utilization reduced to 9.2%. Meanwhile, SOFCs using the medium-density fiberboard (MDF) as fuel exhibited the parallel trends in electrochemical performance and fuel utilization.

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An investigation on the kinetics of direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells

Cited by 38 publications

References 28 publications

A direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell fueled with char from wheat straw

A direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell fueled with char from wheat straw

A steel slag–derived Boudouard reaction catalyst for improved performance of direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells

Solid oxide fuel cell using agroforestry waste as fuel: A balance between power output and fuel utilization

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