An ion trap built with photonic crystal fibre technology

Lindenfelser, Frieder; Keitch, Ben; Kienzler, Daniel; Bykov, Dmitry S.; Uebel, Patrick; Schmidt, Markus A.; Russell, P. St. J.; Home, Jonathan

doi:10.1063/1.4914548

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The measurement itself most likely limits this number, although our trap also has a finite heating rate from electric field fluctuations at the position of the ion. This has been measured in earlier work to be 0.8 quanta/ms at 1.8 MHz secular oscillation frequency [19] -this is expected to be higher than in the current work since the secular frequency of 2.7 MHz considered here is higher [21]. The situation in which the temperature is minimized is also the setting for which the cooling rate is maximized at 120 quanta/ms, due to the removal of a quantum of motional energy for every internal state excitation.…”

Section: Minimum Temperaturementioning

confidence: 55%

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Cooling atomic ions with visible and infra-red light

et al. 2017

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We demonstrate the ability to load, cool and detect singly charged calcium ions in a surface electrode trap using only visible and infrared lasers for the trapped-ion control. As opposed to the standard methods of cooling using dipole-allowed transitions, we combine power broadening of a quadrupole transition at 729 nm with quenching of the upper level using a dipole allowed transition at 854 nm. By observing the resulting 393 nm fluorescence we are able to perform background-free detection of the ion. We show that this system can be used to smoothly transition between the Doppler cooling and sideband cooling regimes, and verify theoretical predictions throughout this range. We achieve scattering rates which reliably allow recooling after collision events and allow ions to be loaded from a thermal atomic beam. This work is compatible with recent advances in optical waveguides, and thus opens a path in current technologies for large-scale quantum information processing. In situations where dielectric materials are placed close to trapped ions, it carries the additional advantage of using wavelengths which do not lead to significant charging, which should facilitate high rate optical interfaces between remotely held ions.

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Section: Minimum Temperaturementioning

confidence: 55%

“…We trap and cool a single calcium-40 ion in a surface-electrode ion trap with an ion-electrode distance close to 90 μm. The trap has been described in detail elsewhere [19]. All laser beams are directed parallel to the surface of the ion trap, while the magnetic field of 4.05 Gauss is directed perpendicular to the surface.…”

Section: Calcium Ion Trappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooling atomic ions with visible and infra-red light

et al. 2017

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“…Namely, optically encoded information outbound from one platform needs to undergo a transformation to match the optical mode of the inbound platform. Modes of different quantum platforms, from a laser frequency comb cavity, generating photonic qubits on demand 21 , through Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) used in cold atom traps 58,59 , to Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) waveguide, standard to silicon photonics, are different from each other and from that of a Single-Mode Fiber (SMF) interconnecting them long-haul, challenging such integration. Another emerging computational paradigm, the Photonic Neuromorphic Computing (PNC) [60][61][62][63] , requires adiabatic light-shaping components as well, such as tapers, couplers, multiplexers, and demultiplexers 60,61,63,64 , which have the potential for realization by adiabatically changing the cross section of 3D printed preform, in an integrated fashion within the same fiber.…”

Section: Architectural and Morphological Control Of The Fiber Cross-s...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating fiber-embedded photonic circuitry by liquid-phase structuring of multi-material cores

Lima

Leffel

Zheng

et al. 2023

Advanced Fabrication Technologies for Micro/Nano Optics and Photonics XVI

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Multi-material fibers are a promising platform for integrating nanoscale structures into macroscale photonic systems due to their unique aspect ratio: fiber cores can be kilometers long and sub-micrometric in their cross-section simultaneously. We are introducing Very Large-Scale Integration for Fibers (or, in short, VLSI-Fi) – manufacturing of integrated photonic circuits in a fiber analogous to VLSI from the microelectronics realm. VLSI-Fi starts with a thermal draw of the 3D printed preform, defining the cross-sectional geometry of the fiber, followed by the axial patterning of the fiber cores into arrays of integrated devices using a material-selective spatially coherent capillary breakup1,2 . Additional control over the photonic and electronic properties of devices is accomplished through segregation-driven control of doping. The result is a fiber-embedded integrated photonic circuit with user-defined 3D architecture providing the desired functionality. We argue that the capillary breakup of a viscous thread, nonlinear and often chaotic, becomes predictable if the axial symmetry of the thread viscosity is broken. We found that the capillary breakup of semiconducting fiber cores initiated by feeding the fiber through a spot-like liquefaction zone results in deterministic photonic and optoelectronic structures, such as gratings and spherical resonators. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate a selective breakup of a silicon core in fiber with one silicon and one vanadium core into an array of spherical silicon resonators, with a vanadium electrode flanking those resonators for electrical tuning of their resonant frequencies. Such cascaded resonators are a nontrivial example of photonic circuitry implemented in fiber using a non-CMOS approach.

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“…So far, via optical trapping, a large number of different nanoparticles including dielectric/metallic nanoparticles, single cells, and even single atoms can be manipulated [8][9][10]. Particularly, to further establish trapping nanoparticles with lower input powers, a number of new, near-field optical manipulation techniques, such as optical nanofibers [11][12][13], photonic crystal (PC) fibers [14,15], whispering gallery mode carousels [16][17][18][19][20], plasmonic tweezers [21][22][23][24], solid waveguides [25,26], slot waveguides [27,28], microring resonators [29], photonic crystal waveguides [30][31][32], and photonic crystal cavities [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50], have been developed to exploit the strong spatial field gradient forces and to increase the field amplitude inside the devices. Among these, photonic crystal cavities have been investigated as advantageous platforms for cavity-enhanced optical trapping and sensing due to their a...…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single nanoparticle trapping based on on-chip nanoslotted nanobeam cavities

Yang¹,

Gao²,

Cao³

et al. 2018

Photon. Res.

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Optical trapping techniques are of great interest since they have the advantage of enabling the direct handling of nanoparticles. Among various optical trapping systems, photonic crystal nanobeam cavities have attracted great attention for integrated on-chip trapping and manipulation. However, optical trapping with high efficiency and low input power is still a big challenge in nanobeam cavities because most of the light energy is confined within the solid dielectric region. To this end, by incorporating a nanoslotted structure into an ultracompact onedimensional photonic crystal nanobeam cavity structure, we design a promising on-chip device with ultralarge trapping potential depth to enhance the optical trapping characteristic of the cavity. In this work, we first provide a systematic analysis of the optical trapping force for an airborne polystyrene (PS) nanoparticle trapped in a cavity model. Then, to validate the theoretical analysis, the numerical simulation proof is demonstrated in detail by using the three-dimensional finite element method. For trapping a PS nanoparticle of 10 nm radius within the air-slot, a maximum trapping force as high as 8.28 nN/mW and a depth of trapping potential as large as 1.15 × 10 5 k B T mW −1 are obtained, where k B is the Boltzmann constant and T is the system temperature. We estimate a lateral trapping stiffness of 167.17 pN • nm −1 • mW −1 for a 10 nm radius PS nanoparticle along the cavity x-axis, more than two orders of magnitude higher than previously demonstrated on-chip, near field traps. Moreover, the threshold power for stable trapping as low as 0.087 μW is achieved. In addition, trapping of a single 25 nm radius PS nanoparticle causes a 0.6 nm redshift in peak wavelength. Thus, the proposed cavity device can be used to detect single nanoparticle trapping by monitoring the resonant peak wavelength shift. We believe that the architecture with features of an ultracompact footprint, high integrability with optical waveguides/circuits, and efficient trapping demonstrated here will provide a promising candidate for developing a lab-on-a-chip device with versatile functionalities.

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An ion trap built with photonic crystal fibre technology

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

Cooling atomic ions with visible and infra-red light

Cooling atomic ions with visible and infra-red light

Creating fiber-embedded photonic circuitry by liquid-phase structuring of multi-material cores

Single nanoparticle trapping based on on-chip nanoslotted nanobeam cavities

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