An Isoratio Method to Study Free Energy and Temperature Effects in Intermediate Mass Fragments Produced in Heavy-Ion Collisions

Ma, Can; Qiao, Chun-Yuan; Ding, Tian-Tian; Niu, Fei; Song, Yushou; Niu, Y.

doi:10.1088/0253-6102/66/1/122

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…In some cases, the pairing contribution will also be considered [133]. A temperature-dependent parameterized free energy formula will also provide help, such as in the works of [138,139,140]. In a modified Fisher model, the free energy of fragment is parameterized as the Weiszäcker-Beth semiclassical mass formula with a density and temperature dependent coefficients [115,141,142,143,144,145,146,147,148].…”

Section: Thermaldynamics Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shannon information entropy in heavy-ion collisions

2018

Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics

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102

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The general idea of information entropy provided by C.E. Shannon "hangs over everything we do" and can be applied to a great variety of problems once the connection between a distribution and the quantities of interest is found. The Shannon information entropy essentially quantify the information of a quantity with its specific distribution, for which the information entropy based methods have been deeply developed in many scientific areas including physics. The dynamical properties of heavy-ion collisions (HICs) process make it difficult and complex to study the nuclear matter and its evolution, for which Shannon information entropy theory can provide new methods and observables to understand the physical phenomena both theoretically and experimentally. To better understand the processes of HICs, the main characteristics of typical models, including the quantum molecular dynamics models, thermodynamics models, and statistical models, etc, are briefly introduced. The typical applications of Shannon information theory in HICs are collected, which cover the chaotic behavior in branching process of hadron collisions, the liquid-gas phase transition in HICs, and the isobaric difference scaling phenomenon for intermediate mass fragments produced in HICs of neutron-rich systems. Even though the present applications in heavy-ion collision physics are still relatively simple, it would shed light on key questions we are seeking for. It is suggested to further develop the information entropy methods in nuclear reactions models, as well as to develop new analysis methods to study the properties of nuclear matters in HICs, especially the evolution of dynamics system.

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Section: Thermaldynamics Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shannon information entropy in heavy-ion collisions

2018

Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics

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102

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“…For example, the critical pairing temperature is calculated to be T c = 0.57∆(0) in the finite-temperature BCS theory with a constant pairing force [17], T c = 0.5∆(0) using a simplified degenerate model [18], and T c = 0.6∆(0) in the finite-temperature relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory [19]. Such a simple relation gives us a good guideline on up to which temperature the pairing correlations are important, which is an instructive information for the study of hot nuclei and the corresponding subjects, like weak interaction processes of nuclei in stellar environment [20], heavy-ion collisions [21,22] and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Critical temperature for shape transition in hot nuclei within covariant density functional theory

Zhang

Niu

2018

Phys. Rev. C

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Prompted by the simple proportional relation between critical temperature for pairing transition and pairing gap at zero temperature, we investigate the relation between critical temperature for shape transition and ground-state deformation by taking even-even 286−304 Cm isotopes as examples. The finite-temperature axially deformed covariant density functional theory with BCS pairing correlation is used. Since the Cm isotopes are the newly proposed nuclei with octupole correlations, we studied in detail the free energy surface, the Nilsson single-particle (s.p.) levels, and the components of s.p. levels near the Fermi level in 292 Cm. Through this study, the formation of octupole equilibrium is understood by the contribution coming from the octupole driving pairs with Ω[N, n z , m l ] and Ω[N + 1, n z ± 3, m l ] for single-particle levels near the Fermi surfaces as it provides a good manifestation of the octupole correlation. Furthermore, the systematics of deformations, pairing gaps and the specific heat as functions of temperature for even-even 286−304 Cm isotopes are discussed. Similar to the relation between the critical pairing transition temperature and the pairing gap at zero temperature T c = 0.6∆(0), a proportional relation between the critical shape transition temperature and the deformation at zero temperature T c = 6.6β(0) is found for both octupole shape transition and quadrupole shape transition for isotopes considered.

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“…With the development of radioactive nuclear beam facilities, more exotic isotopes will be found and the heavy-ion and/or hadron therapy will help damage the tumour tissues more effectively [42][43][44]. In fragmentation reactions at energies ranging from tens of MeV u −1 to hundreds of MeV u −1 , a large number of intermediate mass fragments (IMFs) are produced [45,46]. The process of nuclear fragmentation process can be divided into three stages: dynamical compression and expansion, primary hot nuclear formation and the deexcitation of primary hot nuclear [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical fluctuations in fragmentation reactions in a Boltzmann–Langevin approach

Li¹,

Tang²,

Zhang³

2022

Commun. Theor. Phys.

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Based on the isospin-dependent Boltzmann-Langevin model, the dynamical fluctuations in the fragmentation reaction of 112Sn+112Sn are investigated. The quadrupole moment and octupole moment with zero magnetic quantum number have large fluctuations in the early time of the collisions. The dynamical fluctuations in momentum space show a strong dependence on the incident energy. The effects of using different fluctuations on the fragment cross sections are also studied in the fragmentation reactions. The results by using Q20 + Q30 fluctuation have a better agreement with the experimental data. Calculations using Q20 + Q30 fluctuation produce more proton-rich and neutron-rich nuclei than those using Q20 fluctuation only. Besides, the difference between the production cross sections of fragments calculated by using Q20 and Q20 + Q30 fluctuations is larger in the vicinity of the projectile. These results present that the dynamical fluctuations may affect the whole dynamical process of fragmentation reactions including the production of fragments, due to the non-linear nature of the Boltzmann-Langevin equation.

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An Isoratio Method to Study Free Energy and Temperature Effects in Intermediate Mass Fragments Produced in Heavy-Ion Collisions

Cited by 5 publications

References 55 publications

Shannon information entropy in heavy-ion collisions

Shannon information entropy in heavy-ion collisions

Critical temperature for shape transition in hot nuclei within covariant density functional theory

Dynamical fluctuations in fragmentation reactions in a Boltzmann–Langevin approach

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